Homeostasis and Feedback Mechanisms Flashcards

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1
Q

homeostasis

A
  • a series of control mechanisms that ensure our bodies maintain a constant temperature, steady water levels, and ions and blood sugar
  • enables cells to work at their optimum conditions which include pH, temperature, ion, and gas concentration
  • if these systems become disrupted, teh endocrine and nervous system work together to maintain homesostasis
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2
Q

Which responds quicker: the nervous system or the endocrine system?

A

the nervous system

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3
Q

which system responds with longer, more lasting responses: the nervous system or the endocrine system?

A

the endocrine system

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4
Q

Negative feedback loops

A
  • occur when your body needs to slow down or completely stop a proccess that’s happening. The origional stimulus is reversed so that the body reterns to “normal”
  • goes back and forth (ex. turning heat up, but then ur too hot, so you turn it down, but then u get cold, so u turn it back up, and the process repeats)
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5
Q

Positive Feedback Loops

A
  • occurs when you need to amplify or increase your body’s response to a stimulus. The change occurs in one similar direction and continues until something stops it

ex. you get a cut, things are sent to heal it, until it’s closed

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6
Q

The Nervous System

A
  • consists of the brain, spinal cord, sensory organs, ad all the nerves that connect the organs with the rest of the body
  • together, they control the body through quick, immediate, responses using specialized cells called neurons
  • our sense organs recieve signals from the stimuli and transmit that information through sensory neurons to teh brain
  • brain processes the information and makes decisions on how to respond
  • this is relayed through motor neurons, which may cause you to move, talk, feel, or shiver to restore homeostasis
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7
Q

neurons

A
  • transmit electrochemical impuses from one part of the body to another via action potentials
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8
Q

nervous system path

A

neurons transmit electrochemical impulses –> sense organs –> brain –> motor neurons

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9
Q

the endocrine system

A
  • made up made up of glands, which secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
  • responds to stimuli to maintain homeostasis
  • works with the nervous structure through structures in the brain like hypothalamus
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10
Q

process endocrine and nervous system undergo to maintain homeostasis

A

stimulus (input) –> producing a signal (hormone or neuron firing) –> response (output)

known as feedback loops

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11
Q

hypothalamus

A
  • found next to the pituitary gland inside the brain
  • it links the nervous system and endocrine system
  • controls the secretions of the pituitary gland, which produces hormones that are sent all over the body
  • the activity levels of it depend on the level of hormones already present in the blood
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12
Q

hormones

A
  • chemical messengers that target a specific group of cells, in order to cause that group of cells to do some activity or stop doing an activity
  • hormone levels affect everything from growth, feeling hungry, sugar levels and sexual reproduction
  • they act by binding to chemical receptors on specific cells called target cells
  • the effects of hormones in the endocrine system are usually slower and longer lasting than those of the nervous system
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