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Exam 14 > Poison > Flashcards

Poison Flashcards

1
Q

OD of barbiturates, opiates, and alcohol worsens

A

Respiratory depression

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2
Q

______ urine for acidic drugs to enhance elimination

A

Alkalinize

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3
Q

Syrup of ipecac acts via

A

Emesis

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4
Q

Used for OTC agents, drugs/pills in table form, pesticides, iron containing vitamins

A

Emesis (syrup of ipecac)

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5
Q

Avoid ______ in corrosive agents, petroleum distillates, loss of gag reflex, and convulsions (TCAs, strychnine, and gamma hydroxy butyrate)

A

Emesis

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6
Q

_______ risk of pneumonitis > systemic toxicity

A

Petroleum distillates

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7
Q

_______ contraindicated in the home for ammonia, drain cleaners, electric dishwater cleaners, kerosene, motor oil, and furniture polish

A

Emesis

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8
Q

Ammonia, drain cleaners, and electric dishwater cleaners act as

A

Caustic substances

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9
Q

Kerosene, motor oil, and furniture polish can cause

A

Pulmonary hydrocarbon pneumonitis

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10
Q

Contraindicated in corrosives, caustics, or sharp objects

A

Lavage with activated charcoal

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11
Q

Ineffective for acids, alkalis, some pesticides, metals, and petroleum distillates

A

Activated charcoal

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12
Q

Acetaminophen, amphetamines, aspirin, benzodiazepines, barbiturates, carbamazepines, digoxin, phenothiazines, nicotine, theophylline, strychnine, and malathion can be treated with

A

Activated charcoal

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13
Q

Opiate antagonist used to reverse respiratory depression

A

Naloxone

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14
Q

Benzodiazepine antagonist

A

Flumazenil

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15
Q

Used to enhance excretion of acidic drugs

A

Sodium bicarb

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16
Q

Most likely in children

A

Petroleum distillates

17
Q

Major toxicity is aspiration and chemical pneumonitis

A

Petroleum distillates

18
Q

_______ viscosity increases potential to flow into airways

A

Low

19
Q

Best indicator of aspiration potential is

A

Viscosity

20
Q

______ target the lung, cardiovascular system, and CNS

A

Aerosol propellants

21
Q

Most deaths are due to cardiac arrest

A

Aerosol propellants

22
Q

Contains benzene > cause leukemia

A

Gasoline

23
Q

Causes ophthalmic and auditory nerve damage

A

Toluene

24
Q

_______ during pregnancy will cause increased fetal death risk and low birth weight

A

Huffing

25
Q

No antidote available, treat symptoms

A

Aerosol propellants

26
Q

Minimal toxic dose >20 mg/kg of

A

Elemental iron

27
Q

__________ to remove iron tablets

A

Emesis

28
Q

Causes centrilobular necrosis in the liver

A

Acetaminophen

29
Q

Causes proximal tubular necrosis in the kidney

A

Acetaminophen

30
Q

N-acetyl-benzoquinoneimine (NAPQI)

A

Toxic metabolite of acetaminophen

31
Q

Hepatotoxic metabolite

A

NAPQI

32
Q

Detoxified by glutathione conjugation

A

NAPQI

33
Q

Delayed appearance of hepatic toxicity

A

Acetaminophen

34
Q

Antidote > N-acetylcysteine orally

A

Acetaminophen

35
Q

Iron containing vitamins, pesticides, OTC cold remedies, cleaning supplies

A

Common poisons children

Exam 14 (22 decks)

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