Enviro Path 2

Question 1

Alcohol is _____ with tobacco for cancer

Answer 1

Synergistic

Question 2

Absorbed unchanged in stomach and small bowel

Answer 2

Alcohol

Question 3

.08%

Answer 3

Legal definition of drunk

Question 4

Less than 10% excreted unchanged in urine and breath

Answer 4

Alcohol

Question 5

Changed to acetaldehyde in liver

Answer 5

Alcohol

Question 6

Channels acetaldehyde > acetic acid in liver

Answer 6

Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase in mitochondria

Question 7

Alcohol dehydrogenase in

Answer 7

Cytosol

Question 8

______enters mitochondrial respiratory chain

Answer 8

Acetate

Question 9

Aldehyde dehydrogenase*1

Answer 9

Normal allele

Question 10

Aldehyde dehydrogenase*2

Answer 10

Cannot metabolize toxic acetylaldehyde

Question 11

Patient homozygous for ALDH2*2 cannot metabolize

Answer 11

Acetaldehyde

Question 12

Associated with portal HTN > esophageal varies and HCC

Answer 12

Cirrhosis

Question 13

Sudden onset psychosis

Answer 13

Wernicke’s-encephalopathy

Question 14

Memory disturbances and confabulation

Answer 14

Korsakoff syndrome

Question 15

Severe ethanol withdrawal. 3-10 days after last drink. Global confusion. Sympathetic overdrive (autonomic hyperactivity)

Answer 15

Delirium tremens

Question 16

Growth retardation, microcephaly. Decreased mental function as child grows. Smooth philtrum, short palpebral fissures (small eye opening), thin upper lip

Answer 16

Chronic alcoholism

Question 17

Increased risk of breast cancer, PE, stroke

Answer 17

Hormone replacement therapy

Question 18

Synthetic estradiol and progestin or progestin only

Answer 18

OCs

Question 19

Risk of CVD with OCs is greatly increased in

Answer 19

Smokers

Question 20

Increased risk of MI and PE

Answer 20

OCs

Question 21

OCs are associated with

Answer 21

Hepatic adenoma

Question 22

Inhibits FSH and LH release

Answer 22

Anabolic steroids

Question 23

Anabolic steroids are converted to

Answer 23

Estrogen

Question 24

Side effects include male enlarged breasts, MI, psychiatric problems, testicular atrophy

Answer 24

Anabolic steroids

Question 25

Metabolism by nontoxic sulfate or glucuronate conjugates overwhelmed in an OD

Answer 25

Acetaminophen

Question 26

CYP creates a highly reactive and toxic metabolite that overwhelms the glutathione reductase system by depleting glutathione

Answer 26

Acetaminophen

Question 27

Treat with N-acetyl cysteine to restore

Answer 27

Glutathione

Question 28

Liver centrilobular necrosis > fulminant acute liver failure

Answer 28

Acetaminophen OD

Question 29

Acute OD will initially cause respiratory alkalosis (by stimulating respiratory center). Later get metabolic acidosis from lactate and pyruvate (from dysfunctional Krebs cycle and dysfunctional oxidative phosphorylation)

Answer 29

Acetylsalicylic acid (ASA)

Question 30

Headaches and dizziness. Hearing problems (tinnitus). Confusion, drowsiness, coma, acute erosive gastritis, and bleeding from plt inhibition with chronic toxicity to

Answer 30

Acetylasalicyls acid

Question 31

Analgesic nephropahty is from ASA mixed with

Answer 31

Acetaminophen

Question 32

Tubulointerstital nephritis and renal papillary necrosis

Answer 32

Analgesic nephropahty

Question 33

H/A, Petechiae, ringing ears, and upper GI bleed indicate

Answer 33

Salicylism

Question 34

Asbestos and uranium exposure are

Answer 34

Synergistic