Herbs

Question 1

Inhibits plt aggregation

Answer 1

Garlic

Question 2

Ajoene (allicin metabolite) and diallyl trisulfide inhibit

Answer 2

Plt thromboxane generation

Question 3

Improve vasculature, produces venostat, and reduces problems with varicose veins

Answer 3

Horse chestnut

Question 4

Active ingredients are escin and aesculin

Answer 4

Horse chestnut

Question 5

Decreases leg pain, pruritus, fatigue, and edema

Answer 5

Horse chestnut

Question 6

Lowers leg edema by decreasing vascular permeability of venous capillaries

Answer 6

Horse chestnut

Question 7

Aesculin increases risk of

Answer 7

Bleeding

Question 8

Adverse effects of ______ are similar to hydroxycoumarin

Answer 8

Horse chestnut

Question 9

Avoid giving alongside anticoagulants, aspirin, and NSAIDs. Category X for pregnancy and breast feeding

Answer 9

Horse chestnut

Question 10

Sharpens mental focus, improves cerebral and peripheral circulation

Answer 10

Ginko biloba

Question 11

Inhibits plt aggregation by acting on plt activating factor

Answer 11

Ginko biloba

Question 12

Kaempferol, associated with ginkgo biloba, acts as an

Answer 12

Antioxidant (reduces free radical damage in the brain)

Question 13

Kaempferol and apigenin, associated with ginko biloba, are

Answer 13

MAO-A and MAO-B inhibitors

Question 14

Ginko biloba major adverse effect is

Answer 14

Bleeding

Question 15

_________ may cause seizures

Answer 15

Ginko seeds (contain ginko toxin)

Question 16

Avoid with anti platelet drugs (NSAIDs, aspirin). Can have enhanced bleeding with heparin, warfarin, and IIb/IIa receptor antagonists (Clopidogrel)

Answer 16

Ginko biloba

Question 17

Improves mood, sleep quality. Reduces anxiety

Answer 17

St. John’s wart

Question 18

May act via SSRI, MAO inhibition, activation of GABA, or cumulative effect via more than 1 mechanism of action

Answer 18

St. John’s wart

Question 19

Active ingredients are dianthrones, hyperforin, and hypericin

Answer 19

St. John’s wart

Question 20

Possesses majority of anti-depressant action in an alcohol extract

Answer 20

St. John’s wart

Question 21

St. John’s affinity for GABA receptors acts via

Answer 21

Anti-anxiety action

Question 22

St. John’s ___ inhibition to enhance mood is mediated by hypericin

Answer 22

MAO

Question 23

SSRI acts to

Answer 23

Enhance mood

Question 24

Should not be taken with MAOIs and SSRIs

Answer 24

St. John’s wart

Question 25

Induces P450 isozyme CYP3A4 so may need to increase dose of oral contraceptives, theophylline, and warfarin

Answer 25

St. John’s wart

Question 26

Lowers cholesterol, reduces risk of MI and thrombotic stroke

Answer 26

Garlic