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Exam 14 > Hepatitis > Flashcards

Hepatitis Flashcards

1
Q

Exception - can cause chronic hepatitis in immunocompromised and pregnant women

A

Hep E

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2
Q

Can cause chronic hepatitis

A

Consonants - B, C, D

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3
Q

Transmitted by blood, birthing, bonking

A

Hep B

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4
Q

Only virus that is more often chronic than not, usually never acute

A

Hep C

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5
Q

Icteric

A

Jaundice

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6
Q

2 wks post exposure

A

Pre-interic (pre-jaundice)

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7
Q

1-2 wks after prodrome, and can last up to 6 wks

A

Icteric phase (jaundice)

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8
Q

Diminishing jaundice. 6-8 wks post exposure

A

Convalescence

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9
Q

Most infectious time w/ hepatitis

A

Last asymptomatic day of incubation period

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10
Q

Symptomatic, biochemical, or serological evidence of continuing or relapsing disease for > 6 months

A

Chronic viral hepatitis

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11
Q

Harbors organism w/o signs or sxs. Reservoirs for future infections

A

Carrier state

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12
Q

Hepatic iris. Small, non-enveloped + ss RNA

A

Hep A

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13
Q

Endemic in countries with poor sanitation

A

Hep A

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14
Q

In developed countries > better SES and hygiene > no herd immunity > older age group infected > more symptomatic and severe

A

Hep A

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15
Q

Rises with decline of IgM after months

A

IgG

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16
Q

Persists and gives lifelong immunity against reinfection of all strains of Hep A

A

IgG

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17
Q

Need to exclude drug-induced hepatitis (acetaminophen OD)

A

Hep A

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18
Q

Liver biopsy is not needed with

A

Hep A

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19
Q

No chronic or carrier state. Rarely relapses

A

Hep A

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20
Q

Hepadnavirus. 42 nm, spherical. Double shelled.

A

Hep B

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21
Q

Very resistant to extreme humidity, survives even in mummy remains

A

Hep B

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22
Q

Partially ds circular DNA

A

Hep B

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23
Q

Mode of transmission depends on geographical area

A

Hep B

24
Q

Childbirth/vertical transmission of Hep B

A

High prevalence regions

25
Q

Horizontal transmission Hep B

A

Intermediate prevalence regions

26
Q

Sexual/IV drug transmission Hep B

A

Low prevalence regions

27
Q

Although there is a small chance, it can progress to cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma

A

Hep B

28
Q

Age at time of infection predicts chronic its. Younger > more likely to become chronic

A

Hep B

29
Q

Complete cure hard to achieve in chronic cases b/c virus inserts itself into host DNA. Host can’t mount an effective response via antibodies and the virus persists

A

Hep B

30
Q

Innate immune response (NK cells, IFN) protect individual

A

Early stage

31
Q

__________ if CD4 and CD8 produce IFN-gamma and clear infected cells

A

Resolution

32
Q

Flavivirus. Small, ss RNA

A

Hep C

33
Q

RNA codes for one polyprotein that is processed into functional proteins

A

Hep C

34
Q

RNA Pol has poor fidelity in copying > many genotypes and subtypes (even in same person - quasispecies)

A

Hep C

35
Q

Decrease in annual incidence due to a decrease in transfusion-associated infection

A

Hep C

36
Q

Biggest risk factors are IV drugs and multiple sexual partners

A

Hep C

37
Q

Risk factors also include a needle stick and working in medical/dental fields

A

Hep C

38
Q

Needle stick has a higher risk for ______ than HIV

A

Hep C

39
Q

Perinatal infection is usually

A

Hep B

40
Q

RNA remains in blood no trasaminases remain elevated (may increase or decrease, but never normalize)

A

Hep C

41
Q

IL28B encodes

A

IF-lambda

42
Q

Absolute requirement for infection with Hep B

A

Hep D

43
Q

Produces delta antigen

A

Hep D

44
Q

Very small, ss RNA

A

Hep D

45
Q

Uses host’s RNA Pol to replicate through RNA-directed RNA synthesis

A

Hep D

46
Q

Epidemics in Asia, Africa, ME, China, and Mexico

A

Hep E

47
Q

Sporadic in India

A

Hep E

48
Q

Found on pig farms in the developed world

A

Hep E

49
Q

High mortality rate in pregnant women

A

Hep E

50
Q

Unenveloped ss + RNA. Hepevirus (4 genotypes)

A

Hep E

51
Q

Virions shed during acute illness

A

Hep E

52
Q

Common in developing countries

A

Hep A

53
Q

Shed in feces before symptoms

A

Hep A

54
Q

In Canada, Greenland

A

Hep B

55
Q

Usually in USA

A

Hep C

56
Q

Only cause acute hepatitis. Never cause chronic hepatitis

A

Vowels - Hep A and E

Exam 14 (22 decks)

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