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Platyhelminths and Nematoda Flashcards

1
Q

platy means

A

flat

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2
Q

helminthes means

A

worms

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3
Q

mostly worm like creatures that are dorsoventrally flattened, meaning they look like a ribbon, this is why they are called names such as Tapeworm, Flatworm, Fluke and Planarian.

A

platyhelminths

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4
Q

are a successful phylum with
around 25,000 known species

A

platyhelminthes

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5
Q

platyhelminths has ___ germ layers

A

three

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6
Q

three germ layers

A

tripoblastic

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7
Q

type of symmetry of platyhelminthes

A

bilateral

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8
Q

Oral and genital apertures mostly appear on what side in platyhelminthes

A

ventral

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9
Q

Epidermis may be ___ or ____ in platyhelmints

A

cellular or syncytial

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10
Q

rod-shaped, swell to form a protective mucous sheath around the body

A

rhabdites

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11
Q

what tegument is in Monogenea, Trematoda, Cestoda and some Turbellaria

syncytial/cellular

A

syncytial

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12
Q

Muscular system of _____origin, in the form of a sheath of circular, longitudinal, and oblique layers beneath the epidermis or tegument

A

mesodermal

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13
Q

does platyhelminth have body space?

what is the terrm

A

no, acoelomate

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14
Q

other than digestive tube; spaces between organs filled with ______ in platyhelminth

A

parenchyma

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15
Q

Digestive system incomplete/complete (gastrovascular type); absent/present in some

A

incomplete
absent

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16
Q

Nervous system consisting of a pair of anterior ganglia with longitudinal nerve cords connected by a transverse nerves and located in the parenchyma in most forms; similar to cnidarians in some

A

platyhelminths

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17
Q

Simple sense organs; eyespots in some

A

platyhelminths

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18
Q

Excretory system of two lateral canals with branches bearing flame cells or what

A

protenophridia

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19
Q

Most forms are monoecious/dioecious; reproductive system complex; usually with well developed gonads,ducts , and accessory organs;

A

monoecious

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20
Q

platyhelminths have internal/external fertilization

A

internal

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21
Q

-Life cycle simple in free-swimming forms and those with single host
-Complicated life cycle involving several hosts in many internal parasites

A

Platyhelminthes

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22
Q

class that is mostly free living in platyhelminthes

A

Turbellaria

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23
Q

parasitic platyhelminthes (3)

A

Classes Monogenea, Trematoda and Cestoda

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24
Q

-Mostly free-living
-5mm-50cm in length
-With soft flattened bodies covered with ciliated epidermis containing secreting cells and rodlike bodies (rhabdites)
-Mouth usually on ventral surface sometimes near center of body
-No body cavity except intercellular spaces in parenchyma
-Mostly hermaphroditic
-Some have asexual fission

What Class

A

Class Turbellaria

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25
Order under turbellaria
Tricladida
26
gut with 3 distinct branches what order
Tricladida
27
(~80 freshwater species) family under Turbellaria
Planariidae
28
example under Planariidae
Planaria Polycelis
29
Family under Turbelaria that is common in streams, lakes & ponds; Possess eyes with multicellular retinas and pigment cup Reproduce by asexual fission
Dugesiidae
30
Planarian scientific name
Girardia tigrina
31
study the parts of the planaria
+1
32
Subclass under Class Cestoda
Eucestoda
33
Family under Cestoda
Taeniidae
34
example of Taeniddae
Taenia saginata Taenia solium
35
Small anterior hooked attachment organ
scolex
36
Division of body into segments
proglottids
37
do class cestoda have digestive tract?
no
38
kestos means
girdle
39
eidos means
form
40
-Body covered with nonciliated, syncytial tegument -General form of the body tapelike what class
Cestoda
41
a chain of proglottids
strobila
42
-No digestive organs -Usually monoecious -Parasitic in digestive tract what class
Cestoda
43
give the taxonomic account of Taenia saginata
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Platyhelminthes Class: cestoda Order: Cyclophyllidea Family: Taeniidae Genus: Taenia Species: saginata Scientific name: Taenia saginata
44
give the taxonomic account of Taenia solium (pork tapeworm)
Phylum: Platyhelminthes Class: Cestoda Order: Cyclophyllidea Family: Taeniidae Genus: Taenia Species: solium Scientific name: Taenia solium
45
trema means
hole
46
Digenean flukes what class
Trematoda
47
-Body covered with a syncytial tegument without cilia -Leaflike of cylindrical in shape -Usually with oral and ventral suckers -No hooks -Alimentary canal usually with two main -branches -Mostly monoecious -Life cycle complex (first host =mollusc) (final host = vertebrates)
Class Trematoda
48
Family of blood flukes
Schistosomatidae
49
Family of Fasciola hepatica
Echinostomida
50
Family of Opisthorchis, Clonorchis sinensis
Opishtorchiidae
51
liver fluke
Fasciola hepatica
52
-Sheep and cattle are reservoir hosts. -Juvenile worms cause anemia, damage to the liver parenchyma, and may lodge in ectopic locations e.g., the brain or eye -adults damage the bile ducts.
Fasciola hepatica
53
Infections are contracted by eating uncooked aquatic plants on which metacercariae have encysted.
Fasciola hepatica
54
give the taxonomic account of Fasciola hepatica
Phylum: Platyhelminthes Class: Trematoda Subclass: Digenea Order: Echinostomida Suborder: Echinostomata Family: Fasciolidae Genus: Fasciola Species: hepatica Scientific name: Fasciola hepatica Common name: Liver fluke
55
-Infections with this liver fluke are contracted in Asia by eating uncooked freshwater fish in which metacercariae have encysted. -Piscivorous mammals can serve as reservoir hosts. -Although the liver parenchyma is not invaded, heavy infections may cause such damage to the bile ducts that jaundice, hepatomegaly, ascites, and death occur.
Clonorchis sinensis
56
see the labelled Clonorchis sinensis
+1
57
-Posterior, tandem, dendritic testes -Relatively large seminal receptacle anterior to the testes -Gravid uterus -Vitelline glands, confined to the middle of the body.
Clonorchis sinensis
58
Give the taxonomic account of Clonorchis sinensis
Phylum: Platyhelminthes Class: Trematoda Order: ophisthorchiida Family: Opisthorchiidae Genus: Clonorchis Species: sinensis Clonorchis sinensis
59
see the Schistosoma japonicum label
+1
60
Digestive system of _____ is very simple: They have only one bifurcated digestive tract. Their digestion is performed by frame cells, and they seems to have no excretory pore.
schistosomes
61
what cells perform the digestion of schistosomes
frame cells
62
give the taxonomic account of schistosoma japonicum
Phylum: Platyhelminthes Class: Trematoda Subclass: Digenea Order: Strigeidida Genus: Schistosoma Species: japonicum Scientific name: Schistosoma japonicum Common name: Human blood fluke
63
Nema means
thread
64
-only about 80 000 species have been described -live in a vast variety of habitats, ecologically they can be divided into free living forms and parasitic forms.
Nematoda
65
1)Bilaterally symmetrical, and vermiform. 2)Body has more than two cell layers, tissues and organs. 3)Body cavity is a pseudocoel, body fluid under high pressure. 4)Body possesses a through gut with a subterminal anus. 5)Body covered in a complex cuticle. 6)Has a nervous system with pharyngeal nerve ring. 7)Has no circulatory system (no blood system) 8)Reproduction normally sexual and gonochoristic. 9)Feed on just about everything. 10)Live just about everywhere, many species are endoparasites. what phylum
nematoda
66
also known as whipworm
Trichuris trichura
67
give the taxonomic account of Trichuris trichura
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Nematoda Class: Adenophorea Order: Trichocepalida Family: Trichuridae Genus: Trichuris Species: trichiura Scientific name: Trichuris trichura
68
see label of trichur trichuria
+1
69
also known as pinworm/threadworm
Enterobius vermicularis
70
give the taxonomic account of Entorobious vermicularis
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Nematoda Class: Secernentea Subclass: Spiruria Order: Oxyurida Family: Oxyuridae Genus: Enterobius Species: vermicularis Scientific name: Enterobius vermicularis
71
also known as pork worm
Trichinella spiralis
72
give the taxonomic account of Pork worm
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Nematoda Class: Adenophorea Order: Trichocephalida Family Trichinellidae Genus: Trichinella Species: spiralis Scientific name: Trichinella spiralis
73
also known as Giant roundworm
Ascaris lumbricoides
74
give the taxonomic accoutn of Ascaris lumbricoides
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Nematoda Class: Secernentea Order: Ascaridida Family: Ascarididae Genus: Ascaris Species: lumbricoides Scientific name: Ascaris lumbricoides
75
also known as dog hookwrom
Ancylostoma caninum
76
taxonomic account of dog hookworm
Kingdom: Animalia Phylum: Nematoda Class: Secernentea Order: Strongylida Family: Ancylostomatidae Genus: ancylostoma Species: caninum Scientific name: Ancylostoma caninum
77
The male is easily recognized by its conspicuous copulatory bursa, an expanded posterior portion of the worm used for grasping the female during mating.
Ancylostoma caninum

Systematic Biology (18 decks)

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