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Systematic Biology > Annelida to Arthropoda > Flashcards

Annelida to Arthropoda Flashcards

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1
Q

segmented worms

A

annelida

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2
Q

majority of annelids are (aquatic/terrestrial)

A

aquatic

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3
Q

land dwelling annelids are confined mostly to what function

A

burrowers

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4
Q

annelida that are fully terrestrial in humid environments

A

leeches

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5
Q

have bodies consisting of essentially similar ringlike segments (somites or metameres)

A

annelida

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6
Q

ringlike segments of annelids

A

somites or metameres

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7
Q

usually shows in both external and internal features, including muscles, nerves, and circulatory, excretory, and reproductive organs

A

segmentation

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8
Q

The body is covered by a thin moist cuticle over columnar epithelium containing unicellular gland cells and sensory cells.

A

annelida

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9
Q

annelids are

symmetry:
layers:
body shape:

A

bilateral
triploblastic
elongate and segmented

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10
Q

Appendages are minute rodlike chitinous ____ what in annelida

A

setae

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11
Q

annelids that have fleshy tentacles on its head and has the setae situated on the lateral fleshy parapodia

A

polychaeta

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12
Q

class of annelid that lack setae

A

hirudinea

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13
Q

Annelids have ___ digestive canal in present in a tubular shape, extending the whole length of the body

A

complete

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14
Q

annelid have close/open circulatory system of longitudinal blood vessels with branches extending laterally in each segment

A

close circulatory system

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15
Q

what cells are usually present in the blood plasma.

A

dissolved hemogoblin and free amoebocytes

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16
Q

Respiration occurs via the epidermis or through gills in some tube dweller species or parapodia.

A

annelida

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17
Q

excretory system of annelids consist of one pair of ____ per segment

A

nephridia

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18
Q

removes waste from the coelom and bloodstream directly to the outside world.

A

nephridia

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19
Q

brain in annelida

A

ganglia

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20
Q

The sexes are united and the development in the case of what class in annelids

A

oligochaeta
hirudinea

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21
Q

the sexes are separate and the development includes a trocophore larval stage as with the (what class)

A

polychaeta

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22
Q

Some species of Oligochaeta and Polychaeta reproduce asexually by ___

A

budding

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23
Q

earthworms

A

oligochaeta

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24
Q

leeches class

A

hirudinea

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25
Q

bristle-worms

A

polychaeta

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26
Q

Most earthworms and their equals are inhabitants of damp soil and fresh waters.

what annelida class

A

oligochaeta

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27
Q

The leeches are found mainly in fresh water or on moist ground

what class of annelida

A

hirudinea

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28
Q

The marine worms are found chiefly in close vicinity of the shore

what class of bristle worms

A

polychaeta

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29
Q

the first true body segment in an annelid worm’s body in the anterior end.

A

peristomium

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30
Q

three different prostomium

A

epilobic
zygolobic
tanylobic

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31
Q

the cephalized first body segment in an annelid worm’s body at the anterior end

A

prostomium

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32
Q

Adult (sexually mature) earthworms have a distinct swelling called

A

clitellum

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33
Q

-located about one-third of the way down the earthworm

-often white or orange in colour

-It produces most of the material secreted to form earthworm cocoons.

A

clitelum

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34
Q

Forms a band that can be flared, non-flared, saddle-shaped, or annular. It is generally found between segments 26 and 33

A

clitellum

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35
Q

shorter region above the clitellum is the ____ part of the annelid

A

anterior

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36
Q

below the clitellum is the ___ end of the annelid

A

posterior or tail end

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37
Q

is the final body segment in annelid worms.

A

periproct

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38
Q

The number and arrangement of ___ are important clues to the identification in annelids

A

setae

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39
Q

Each segment, except the first and last, have tiny bristle-like structures called

A

setae

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40
Q

These structures help the earthworm to move and act to sense the environment.

A

setae

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41
Q

the practice of eating earth, especially chalk or clay in famine-stricken regions, observed in earthworm

A

geophagy

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42
Q

view the parts of the annelid

A

grade yourself accordingly

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43
Q

earthworm phylum and class

A

annelida
clitellata

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44
Q

leeches taxonomic acccount

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Clitellata

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45
Q

european medicinal leechj

A

hirudo medicinalis

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46
Q

hirudo medicinalis taxonomic account

at least give phyla, class, subclass, genus

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Annelida
Class: Clitellata
Subclass: Hirudinea
Order: Arhynchobdellida
Family: Hirudinidae
Genus: Hirudo
Species: Hirudo medicinali

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47
Q

label the leech part

A

grade yourself

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48
Q

phyla means soft-bodied.

A

mollusca

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49
Q

has no internal skeleton but many have shells that act as an external skeleton, providing protection.

A

mollsuk

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50
Q

One important part of a mollusk’s body is the ____, which is the fleshy tissue that lines the inside of the shell.

A

mantle

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51
Q

This part is responsible for shell growth and color, and it assists in other functions such as respiration in mollusk

A

mantle

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52
Q

Growth of the shell occurs by the mantle absorbing ___ _____ from the sea water.

A

calcium carbonate

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53
Q

The color of the shell is due to _____ cells in the mantle.

A

pigment

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54
Q

Most mollusks are parasitic/free living but slow moving creatures, showing a close association with the substrate

A

free living

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55
Q

Classes of Mollusca (7)

A

-Bivalvia
-Gastropoda
-Cephalopoda
-Aplacophora
-Monoplacophora
-Polyplacophora
-Scaphophoda

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56
Q

mollusc’s body usually short and partially or wholy enclosed by a fleshy outgrowth of the body wall called the

A

mantle

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57
Q

Between the mantle and the visceral mass is a cavity containing components of several systems (secondarily lost in a few groups).

A

mantle cavity

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58
Q

is secreted by the mantle in mollusks

A

shell

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59
Q

Clams, mussels, oysters, and scallops

what mollusca class

A

bivalvia

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60
Q

snails and slugs.

what class

A

gastropoda

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61
Q

octopus, squid, cuttlefish, nautilus, and kin

what class

A

cephalopoda

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62
Q

Shell-less Molluscs, worm-like appearance

what class

A

aplacophora

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63
Q

uncoiled, univalve, bilaterally symmetrical molluscs that live in the abyssal zone

segmented limpets

what class of mollusca

A

monoplacophora

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64
Q

chitons, snail-like molluscs with eight-part overlapping scale shells

what class

A

polyplacophora

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65
Q

tusk shell mollusks

A

scaphopoda

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66
Q

The head and the ventral muscular foot are closely allied with the foot being modified for what functions (4)

A

burrowing
crawling
swimming
food capture

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67
Q

The mouth with a radula bearing traverse rows of minute chitinous teeth to rasp food , except in what class of mollusc

A

bivalvia

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68
Q

only filter feeders in molluscs

A

bivalvia

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69
Q

the anus opens in what cavity in mollusc

A

mantle cavity

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70
Q

A large digestive gland and often salivary glands are present in what cavity in mollusks

A

mantle cavity

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71
Q

The circulatory system is open, except in what class of mollusks

A

cephalopoda

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72
Q

includes a ___ heart with one or two atrias and one ventricle.

A

dorsal

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73
Q

blood spaces

A

homocoels

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74
Q

Respiration occurs via one to many uniquely structured gills called what

A

ctenidia

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75
Q

The nervous system of a mollusk is typically a

A

circumesophageal nerve ring

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76
Q

equilibrium cell for mollusk

A

statocyst

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77
Q

Having male sexual organs while young, and female organs later in life

A

protandric

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78
Q

most mollusca species are ____

A

oviparous

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79
Q

parasitic stage in mollusks

A

unionidae

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80
Q

segmented mollusk

A

monoplacophora

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81
Q

class that literally mean “many plate bearers”

A

polyplacophora

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82
Q

class contains the chitons,easily recognizable because of their shells that are split into eight dorsal plates that cover the centre of their bodies.

A

polyplacophora

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83
Q

which include univalves, are mollusks usually covered by a single shell

what class

A

class gastropoda

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84
Q

subclass of slugs, sea hares, nudibranches etc. that have forsaken their gills and shells.

A

opisthobranchia

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85
Q

is the largest in the phylum mollusca and includes the snails, whelks, winkles and sea slugs.

A

gastropoda

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86
Q

subclass of gastropoda that include snails, limpets

A

prosobranchia

87
Q

subclass of gastropoda that includes sea slugs

A

ophistobranchi

88
Q

most of these gastropods belong to the subclass ___ and have a spiral shaped shell

A

prosobranchia

89
Q

The primitive members of class gastropoda are ____ that rasp seaweeds and micro algae

A

herbivores

90
Q

The shelled gastropod body emerges from an opening, called an

A

aperture

91
Q

The outer edge of the aperture is called a

A

lip

92
Q

Each coil of a gastropods shell is called a

A

whorl

93
Q

the last and usually the largest whorl containing the body, thus called the

A

body whorl

94
Q

All whorls above the body whorl make up the

A

spire

95
Q

The calcareous layers of the shell of gastropods are covered by a thin, glossy proteinaceous ___

A

periostracum

96
Q

golden snail taxonomic account

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Architaenioglossa
Family: Ampullariidae
Genus: Pomacea
Species: Pomacea canaliculata
Common names: Channeled Applesnail, Golden Apple Snail, Golden Kuhol Snail

97
Q

means stomach-foot because the foot is large and is the most prominent feature in most cases.

A

gastropod

98
Q

As with bivalves, most gastropods breathe by taking in oxygen from the water through what structure

A

siphons

99
Q

, unlike bivalves, have a head with tentacles, which have sense organs that can detect shadows and movement

A

univalves

100
Q

which pair of tentacles are shorter in univalves

A

anterior - shorter
posterior - longer

101
Q

Many gastropods have a trap door, or

A

operculum

102
Q

trap door of gastropods attached to their foot, which is actually a thin piece of shell.

A

operculum

103
Q

seals the aperture closed when the animal retreats into its shell, providing protection from predators and from drying out

A

operculum

104
Q

operculum is made out of ___

A

conchiolin

105
Q

how do you know if a gastropod is dextral/sinistral

A

opening

106
Q

study the class gastropoda and its parts

A

+1

107
Q

class that includes mussels, clams, oysters

A

bivalvai

108
Q

Has a shell that consists of two parts, but unlike the Brachiopoda (Lamp shells) the two parts are hinged together dorsally and then extends downwards, laterally on either side of the body, thereby encasing it.

A

class bivalvia

109
Q

means two shells or valves.

A

bivalve

110
Q

rubbery ligament near the hinge holds the halves together and open

A

hinge ligament

111
Q

can sometimes be seen on the inside of some shells where the muscles were once attached

A

scars

112
Q

Recede from an elevated point near the hinged margin

in a bivalve

A

concentric lines

113
Q

Approximating points of umbos
of opposite valves

A

beak

114
Q

label slide 67

A

grade yourself accordingly

115
Q

Point of attachment of pallial retractor muscle to the shell

A

pallial line

116
Q

label slide 69

A

grade yourself accordingly

117
Q

Most are sedentary suspension feeders

Depend on ciliary currents produced by the gills to bring food materials.

A

class bivalvia

118
Q

Mussels attach to rocks by means of a beard-like

A

byssus

119
Q

taxonomic account of tahong

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Order: Mytiloida
Family: Mytilidae
Genus: Mytilus
Species: Mytilus edulis

120
Q

label the tahong

A

grade yourself accordingly

121
Q

class including octopus, cuttlefish, and squid

A

class cephalopoda

122
Q

loligo taxonomic account

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Order: Myopsida
Family: Loliginidae
Genus: Loligo

123
Q

The tentacles and arms are
held together and functions as a ___ in cephalophoda

A

rudder

124
Q

Instead of a foot they poses eight or ten long tentacles armed with suckers.

A

cephalopoda

125
Q

study the anatomy of loligo

A

grade yourself accordingly

126
Q

eight-armed cephalopods

A

octopuses

127
Q

10-armed cephalopods

A

cuttlefish and squid

128
Q

are active and predatory swimmers posesing jaws and radula.

includes the deep-sea giant squids (20m long) which were the inspiration for many a mythical story about sea monsters.

A

class cephalopoda

129
Q

poses eyes as complex as those of humans, and a greater capacity for learning than any other invertabrates.

A

cephalopods

130
Q

shelled cephalopod

A

nautilus

131
Q

nautilus taxonomic account

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Cephalopoda
Subclass: Nautiloidea
Order: Nautilida
Family: Nautilidae
Genus: Nautilus

132
Q

read the characteristic of phylum mollusca

A

+1

133
Q

answer sample moving exam

A

grade yourself accordingly

134
Q

formed by numerous
pigment – cup ocelli
- sensitive to light

in echinoderms

A

sense organs

135
Q
  • modified tube (lacks sucker) in echinoderms
A

tentacle

136
Q

echinoderms are monoecious/dioecious

A

dioecious

137
Q

label the parts on slide 100

A

grade yourself accordingly

138
Q

sea stars, brittle stars, and feather stars belong in what phyla

A

echinodermata

139
Q

subphylum of echinoderms of sea lilies and feather star

A

pelmatozoa

140
Q

class of echinodermata that means lily and form

A

crinoidea

141
Q

label the parts slide 104

A

grade yourself accordingly

142
Q

Mouth and anus on
what surfacers in sea stars

A

oral

143
Q

free moving echinoderm subphylum

A

eleutherozoa

144
Q

classes in free moving echinoderm (4)

A

Asteroidea
Ophiuroidea
Echinoidea
Holothuroidea

145
Q

synapta maculata taxonomic account

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Holothuroidea
Order: Apodida
Family: Synaptidae
Genus: Synapta
Species: Synapta maculata

146
Q

Tripneustes gratilla taxonomic account

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Echinoidea
Order: Camarodonta
Family: Toxopneustidae
Genus: Tripneustes
Species: Tripneustes gratilla

147
Q

star form of echinoderms

A

asteroidea

148
Q

Gr. Aster, star; eidos, form
1,500 species of seastar
Nocturnal
Benthic (Bottom dwelling)
Carnivorous

A

Asteroidea

149
Q

taxonomic account of protoreaster nodosus

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Asteroidea
Order: Valvatida
Family: Oreasteridae
Genus: Protoreaster
Species: Protoreaster nodosus

150
Q

taxonomic account of Linckia laevigata

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Asteroidea
Order: Valvatida
Family: Ophidiasteridae
Genus: Linckia
Species: Linckia laevigata

151
Q

choco chip star

A

protoeaster nodosus

152
Q

blue star

A

linckia laevigata

153
Q

taxonomic account of archaster typicus

A

The taxonomic account of Archaster typicus is as follows:
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Asteroidea
Order: Valvatida
Family: Archasteridae
Genus: Archaster
Species: Archaster typicus

154
Q

label the star fish on slide 112

A

grade yourself accordingy

155
Q

Minute pincerlike modified spine (keeps surface free of debris and small organisms)
Unique in echinoderm

A

pedicellariae

156
Q

Gr. Ophis, snake;oura, tail, oidos, form
Serpent stars (move in wriggle like motion like the snake)
2,000 species

A

ophiuroidea

157
Q

Basic star- shaped body and pentamerous symmetry

what class

A

ophiuroidea

158
Q

Ophiothrix fragilis taxonomic account

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Subphylum: Asterozoa Class: Ophiuroidea Order: Ophiurida Family: Ophiothricidae Genus: Ophiothrix Species: O. fragilis

159
Q

label slide 122 and 124

A

grade yourself accordingly

160
Q

Gr. Echinos, spiny; eidos, form
950 species
Sea urchins, heart urchins, sea biscuit and sand dollar 9round test

what class

A

Echinoidea

161
Q

Sea urchin is what class

A

echinoidea

162
Q

study the part of echinoderm

A

+1

163
Q

label the sand dollar

A

+1

164
Q

sand dollar taxonomic account

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata Subphylum: Echinozoa Class: Echinoidea
Order:
Genus: Laganum
Scientific name: Laganum laganum

165
Q

Gr. Holothurion, sea cucumber; eidos, form
1,150 species
No arms
No spines
No pedicellariae
Body fleshy
Cylindrical and elongate on oral aboral axis

what class

A

holothuroidea

166
Q

-Skin can be smooth or warty.
-Skin imbedded calcareous deposits
-Bodies can contain toxins that can deter attackers
-Some ingest bottom material.
-Others trap plankton or sweep up detritus with their tentacles.

A

holothuroidea

167
Q

sea cucumber taxonomic account

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Class: Holothuroidea

168
Q

brittle star taxonomic account

A

Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Echinodermata
Subphylum: Asterozoa Class: Ophiuroidea Order: Ophiurida Family: Ophiothricidae Genus: Ophiothrix Species: O. fragilis

169
Q

Gr. Arthron, joint, + pous, podos, foot
Most numerous animals on earth (900,000 species)
Spiders, scorpions, ticks, mites, crustaceans, millipedes, centipedes, insects and some smaller groups.

what phylum

A

arthropoda

170
Q

functional groups in arthropoda

A

tagmata

171
Q

No backbone
Cuticular exoskeleton (chitin and tanned protein)
ecdysis (or molting)

A

arthropods

172
Q

do arthropods have a complete digestive system

A

yes

173
Q

which include molting process or ecdysis (shedding of exoskeleton)

life cycle of arthropods

A

metamorphosis

174
Q

an asexual reproduction in which a female can produce an embryo without fertilizing an egg with sperm

A

parthenogenesis

175
Q

s an animal whose internal temperature varies considerably.

A

poikilothermic

176
Q

arthropods have open/closed circulatory system

A

open

177
Q

antennal, coxal, and maxillary glands
function in arthropods as ___

A

excretory glands

178
Q

subphylum that are extinct, three tagmata, and each somite has two lobes (endoped - walking ,exoped - burrowing)

A

trilobitomorpha

179
Q

subphylum that have claws, six pairs of appendages, do not have antennae, includes spiders, ticks, scorpions

A

chelicerata

180
Q

Includes horseshoe crabs (Limulus polyphemus) and extinct giant water scorpions

class under chelicerata

A

merostomata

181
Q

Elongated terminal portion in merostomata

A

telson

182
Q

Segmented or unsegmented abdomen (opisthosoma) with or without appendages and generally distinct from cephalothorax
Chiefly oviparous
No true metamorphosis
Includes scorpions, spiders, ticks, and mites

class under subphylum chelicerata

A

arachnida

183
Q

Scorpion
Pseudoscorpion
Red spider mite
Black-legged tick
Tick
Solpugid
Jumping spider
Common spider
Opilionid (harvestmen or daddy long-legs

what class

A

arachnida

184
Q

Body not divided into tagmata
Unique proboscis at anterior end, with an opening at its tip to suck fluid from cnidarians
Variable number of walking legs among species
Includes sea spiders

what class under chelicerata

A

pycnogonida

185
Q

mostly marine and few are terrestrial and freshwater
with carapace as their exoskeleton which is composed of chitin and calcium carbonate

A

crustacea

186
Q

Includes brachiopods, ostracods, isopods, amphipods, copepods, barnacles, shrimps, hermit crabs, crabs, lobsters

A

crustacea

187
Q
  • isopods (pill bugs, sow bugs, woodlice), amphipods (sand fleas), decapods (crabs, lobsters, shrimps, hermit crabs), krills

what class

A

malacostraca

188
Q
  • brine (fairy) shrimp, clam shrimp, water fleas

what class

A

branchiopoda

189
Q

ostracods

A

ostracoda

190
Q

copepods

A

copepoda

191
Q

barnacles

A

cirripedia

192
Q

isopods (pill bugs or sow bugs, woodlice),
amphipods (sand fleas),
krills
decapods (crabs, lobsters, shrimps, hermit crabs),

what class

A

malacostraca

193
Q

brine (fairy) shrimp,
clam shrimp,
water fleas

what class

A

branchiopoda

194
Q

all are terrestrial
includes millipedes, centipedes and insects
body is divided into three tagmata (body segments): head, thorax and abdomen
their exoskeleton contains tanned protein
head with only one pair of antennae
appendages are uniramous and are present on head and thorax but may be reduced or absent in the abdomen
use tracheae for respiration
possess malpighian tubules for excretion of body wastes

what subphylum

A

uniramia

195
Q

‘100 legs’
live in moist places and are carnivorous
with flattened bodies with each segment bearing a pair of jointed walking legs
the appendages of first somite form poison claws
possess a pair of antennae, a pair of mandibles and one to two pairs of maxillae
oviparous
Centipedes

what class under uniramia

A

chilopoda

196
Q

‘1000 legs’
body consists of 25 to 100 segments, each bearing two pairs of legs
head with a pair of antennae and two pairs of mouthparts
are herbivorous and live in a leaf mold
oviparous
Millipedes

what class under uniramia

A

diplopoda

197
Q

insects

what class

A

insecta

198
Q

are the most diverse species of arthropods

A

insects

199
Q

subclass of insecta that are wingless; silverfishes and springtails

A

apterygota

200
Q

subclass of insecta that are true or winged insects

A

pterygota

201
Q

dragonflies and damselflies

A

odonata

202
Q

grasshoppers, crickets, locusts

A

orthoptera

203
Q

termites

A

isoptera

204
Q

butterflies and moths

A

lepidoptera

205
Q
  • true flies such as mosquitoes
A

diptera

206
Q

beetles

A

coleoptera

207
Q

sucking lice

A

anoplura

208
Q

ants, bees, wasps

A

hymenoptera

209
Q

fleas

A

siphonaptera

210
Q
  • true bugs like water striders, aphids, cicadas
A

hemiptera

211
Q

cockroaches

A

blattaria

212
Q

preying mantids

A

order mantodea

213
Q

take note of taxnomicsummary in phylum arthropoda

A

+1

Systematic Biology (18 decks)

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