PlantDiversityILEC24

Question 1

Are seaweeds plants, protists, or a cyanobacteria?

Answer 1

they are large multicellular protists

Question 2

How did seaweeds came to be?

Answer 2

they evolve from a protist that acquired a cyanbacteria endosymbiont over a billion years ago

Question 3

Where did plants come/evolve from?

Answer 3

They evolve from red & green algae.
Those algaes are the closest relatives of land plants.
Plants are descendant of algae.

Question 4

What is the general term, algae?

Answer 4

It means it is green.

Includes protists & some cyanobacteria, doesn’t include plants.

Question 5

What have a red pigment that masks the green chlorophyll inside it?

Answer 5

€multicellular red algae

Question 6

We get agar from boiling algae. What do we use it for?

Answer 6

We use it in labs & gummy food products.

Ex. jello & icecream

Question 7

What are some examples of red algae?

Answer 7

・€Dulse, we can eat it by itself

・€Coralline algae, contain calcium carbonate skeleton like us. Form pink beaches when they die & broken up by waves

Question 8

What is another word for green algae (seaweeds)? What are some examples?

Answer 8

・€Chlorophytes

・€Volvox, Sea lettuce, & Caulerpa

Question 9

What is a Volvox?

Answer 9

chlorophyte colonies that will release daughter colonies. They are called the death star, due to their beauty under the microscope. A Volvox cell can’t survive by itself.

Question 10

What is a Sea lettuce?

Answer 10

edible multicellular seaweed

Question 11

What is a Caulerpa?

Answer 11

・€one huge “supercell”

・€each blades is a single cell with many nucli inside, similar to the slime mold/mycetozoans

Question 12

Where do single cell green algae (chlorophytes) live in?

Answer 12

・€most in fresh water, others in damp soil or in snow

・€also live in Seattle

Question 13

What are brown algae? What is another name for it?

Ex. kelp

Answer 13

・€the largest, most complex algae

・€phaeophytes

Question 14

What have the most complex anatomy of all protists?

Answer 14

seaweeds, many are food for humans like nori

Question 15

What are kelps? Where do they live? How much do they grow?

Answer 15

・€giant seaweeds
・€deep parts of the ocean
・€grow 2 feet per day

Question 16

How long was earth’s surface lifeless as the moon?

Answer 16

for the first 3 billion years of earth’s history

Question 17

What do plants do for us?

Answer 17

• suppy oxygen
• suppy food
• form soil when dead
• create rich soils with roots
• slow down erosion with roots

Question 18

True or False? Forests can make rain.

Answer 18

TRUE

Question 19

When & what colonized moist areas on land?

Answer 19

・€1.2 bya

・€first thin coatings of cyanobacteria, only life on earth for a long time

Question 20

When did eukaryotes colonized the land?

Answer 20

500 mya

Question 21

What are the closet relatives of land plants?

Answer 21

green algae called charophyceans

Question 22

What open the way to land colonization?

Answer 22

adaptations in 1 population of charophyceans which helped them survive drying habitats

Question 23

Plants have diversified into how many species?

Answer 23

roughly 290,000 or more, one would be the Tasmania forest

Question 24

What is the difference between plants & algae?

Answer 24

only plants have Apical meristems & Alternation of generations
PLANT’S DERIVED CHARACTER
waxy outer cuticle & toxic 2ndary compounds
Ex. nicatin, caffine, cocaine

Question 25

What are Apical meristems?

Answer 25

regions of cell division at the tips of shoots & roots, we eat them

Question 26

What are the 2 body forms of the Alternation of generations?

Answer 26

diploid sporophyte(makes spores) & haploid gametophyte(makes gametes)

Question 27

When were the fossilized plant spores found? What did they gave rise to?

Answer 27

・€475mya in rocks of Oman

・€diversity of modern plants

Question 28

What is an example of evolution of life through history of invasions?

Answer 28

when cyanobacteria started getting pushed into margins