EvolofSeeds&FlowersLEC25

Question 1

T or F. Plants are multicellular eukaryotic autotrophs

Answer 1

TRUE

Question 2

T or F. For bryophyte plants, the haploid phase dominates the life cycle.

Answer 2

TRUE

Question 3

What are Sphagnum? Where are they harvest? What are they used for?

Answer 3

・€spongy peat moss that forms deposits called peat
・€bogs
・€building houses, fuel, keeping orchids, material in diapers, & preserving things

Question 4

What dominated the earth’s surface for how long?

Answer 4

・€bryophytes(non-vascular) plants

・€the 1st 100 million years of plant evolution

Question 5

What are vascular plants called & what formed the 1st forest?

Answer 5

・€pterophytes

・€tree ferns

Question 6

What do pterophytes reproduce with?

Answer 6

spores, like the bryophytes

Question 7

What produces spores on resurrection ferns?

Answer 7

sori

Question 8

How long did vascular plant fossils date back?

Answer 8

420 mya

Question 9

What is the larger generation in vascular plants?

Answer 9

diploid sporophytes, this is the dominant phase

Question 10

How can tree ferns grow so big?

Answer 10

they have 2 types of vascular tissues which are xylem & pholoem

Question 11

What does the xylem do?

Answer 11

moves water & minerals up from the roots then throughout the plant

Question 12

What does the phloem do?

Answer 12

distributes starches produced by the leaves down to the rest of the plant’s tissues

Question 13

What is the Carboniferous period? What have become of them now?

Answer 13

・€when ferns & their relatives became trees, forming the 1st forest
・€they became coal, oil, methane, & other natural gas
*the dragonfly had a wing space of 3 feet across at that time

Question 14

What may have caused the sudden disappearance of the Carboniferous period?

Answer 14

snowball earth

Question 15

How much coal do humans burn?

Answer 15

6 billion tons per year

Question 16

When did seeds first arose? Why is it that we don’t see a lot of ferns in the forest now?

Answer 16

・€about 360 mya, helped plants dominate the surface

・€because seed plants pushed ferns out into margin zones

Question 17

What develop inside the parent seed plants? What is this similar to?

Answer 17

・€gametophytes

・€gametes produced in human gonads

Question 18

What stage is dominant in seed plants?

Answer 18

diploid, like us

Question 19

What does seed plants produce? What does it mean for most of them to be bisexual?

Answer 19

・€pollen which contains sperm or ovules which is eggs

・€they can produce both

Question 20

How can pollen be dispersed?

Answer 20

by air or animals, which means vascular plants can live in drier habitats than non-vascular plants

Question 21

How are seeds developed? What is it’s 3 parts?

Ex. submarine with passager & food inside

Answer 21

・€once the pollen hit the ovule
・€seed coat, endosperm(food suppy), & embryo
*the seed coat is part of the mother’s ovary tissue & the embryo is the combination of the parents tissues

Question 22

What are the 2 groups of Seed plants?

Answer 22

gymnosperms & angiosperms

Question 23

What was the age of gymnosperms? What can they be consider as?

Answer 23

・€Mesozoic era

・€living dinosaurs

Question 24

What do gymnosperms bear? What groups are around today?

Answer 24

・€”naked” seeds, typically on cones

・€conifers, cycads, & gingkos

Question 25

What does conifers mean?

Answer 25

cone barren tree

Question 26

What is Douglas fir used for?

Answer 26

lumber

Question 27

What is Juniper used for?

Answer 27

flavor for gin

Question 28

What is Pacific yew used for?

Answer 28

producing taxal to fight cancer

Question 29

Why is the Sequoia famous?

Answer 29

its the largest tree on earth

Question 30

Why is the Bristlecone pine famous?

Answer 30

its the oldest tree on earth

Question 31

Why is the Wollemia pine famous?

Answer 31

it is currently & critically endangered

Question 32

What does it mean for cycads to be dioecious?

Answer 32

they have 2 seperate sexes

Question 33

Are ginkgo trees extinct?

Answer 33

no, a 100 years ago they were found over the imperial palace wall, in the imperial palace garden, in China

Question 34

What are angiosperms?

Answer 34

flowering plants that are now the most diverse plants

Question 35

What angiosperm structure is specialized for what?

Answer 35

・€the flower

・€sex, attracting animals like us

Question 36

What is a flower?

Answer 36

a specialized shoot with modified leaves

Question 37

What part of the flower produce pollen?

Answer 37

stamens

Question 38

What part of the flower produce ovules?

Answer 38

carpels

Question 39

What develop after the fertilization of the ovary in flowers?

Answer 39

fruits