Macroevol&PhylogenyLEC17 Flashcards

1
Q

Who thought up the idea of punctuated equilibrium? What is it?

A

By Eldredge & Gould.

When new species changes most as it buds from a parent species and changes little for the rest of its existence.

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2
Q

What is gradualism?

A

When species gradually diverge as they acquire unique adaptations.

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3
Q

What is macroevolutionary change?

A

The cumulative change of thousands of small changes.

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4
Q

What evolve in many stages from earlier structures (like wings)?

A

Biological innovations!

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5
Q

Humans have retained the early growth patterns of chimps called?

A

Neoteny!

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6
Q

Sexually mature adults may retain juvenile structures in?

Ex. Axolotl

A

Paedomorphosis!

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7
Q

What are Hox genes?

A

One group of genes that direct the development of fins an limbs.

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8
Q

What is the only surviving twig of a diversity of branches with different trends?

A

Equus!

Hyracotherium-Mesohippus-Merychippus-Pliohippus-Equus.

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9
Q

What is phylogeny?

A

The evolutionary history of a taxon.

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10
Q

What is systematics?

A

A technique for analyzing relatedness between organisms.

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11
Q

What group develop hypotheses about relatedness?

A

Systematists!

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12
Q

What are based on three kinds of evidence of common ancestry:
・€fossil
・€morphological
・€molecular?

A

Phylogenies!

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13
Q

Who has the most complex eyes out of limpet, slit shell, Nautilus, snail, and squid?

A

Squid

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14
Q

What do fossil record often shows?

A

Apparent trends that arise from adaptation to a changing environment.

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15
Q

True are fail? There is no intrinsic drive toward a particular morphology.

A

TRUE

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