BigPicGeneticsLEC10 Flashcards

1
Q

What characters are infuenced by both genetic and environmental factors?

A

Multifactorial characters!

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2
Q

What is the phenotypic range of genotype/colors that is influenced by the environment?

A

The norm of reaction!

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3
Q

Is a phenotype just the way an organism looks?

A

No! It is also the way they act, and the way their body acts. (Appearance, anatomy, physiology, and behavior.)

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4
Q

Genes don’t direct an organism a specific way, genes can turn on & off based upon?

A

It’s history, it’s parent’s history, and so on. Phenotype is a combination of an organism’s genes and it’s unique environment.

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5
Q

Why are humans not convenient subjects for genetic research?

A

We breed very slowly. But the study of human genetics is rapidly advancing, meaning we are still evolving.

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6
Q

What describes the relationship of parents and offspring across generations, and is a family tree?

A

A pedigree!

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7
Q

What is a pedigree used for?

A

Trancing patterns of particular traits, and make predictions about future offspring.

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8
Q

What are recessive disorders that show up only in individuals homozygous for the allele?

A

Genetic disease!

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9
Q

Who are heterozygous individuals that are phenotypically normal, but carries genetic disorders that are inherited recessively?

A

Carriers!

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10
Q

What genetic disease cause errors in the hemoglobin protein in red blood cells?

A

Sickle-cell disease! It had affected 1 out of 500 African-Americans. About 1,000 US babies a year. Symtoms include weakness, pain, organ damage, and even paralysis. Just one slight change in one protein can be deadly.

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11
Q

What genetic disease caused these symtoms?
・€Thick mucus buildup in the lungs
・€Digestive problems

A

Cystic Fibrosis!

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12
Q

What is the process of matings between relatives, and can increase the the probability of the appearance of a genetic disease?

A

Consanguineous matings!

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13
Q

Achondroplasia is a form of dwarfism that is LETHAL when homozyous for the dominant allele, this is an example of?

A

A dominantly inherited disorder!

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14
Q

Many human diseases have both genetic and environmental components. Examples?

A

Heart disease and cancer!

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15
Q

For parents who are concern about a family history for a specific disease, what can they do to find out if they are carriers or not?

A

Genetic testing! Tests are available to identify carriers and define the odds. This is why people have a blood test before marriage.

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