Plantar Surface of the Foot Flashcards
Dorsal View of Foot
Ventral View of Foot
Deep Fascia of Foot
Thick central portion but weaker medially and laterally
Plantar aponeurosis
Superficial ligament formed by central portion of the deep fascia
Proximal attachment to Calcaneus. Divides into 5 bands distally - continuous with fibrous digital sheaths.
Vertical intermuscular septae: Medial, Central and Lateral compartments
Compartments of the Foot
Muscles of the Dorsum of the Foot (Purple)
Extensor Digitorum Brevis
Extensor Hallucis Brevis
Compartments of the Foot
Lateral Compartment (Orange)
Muscles of the little toe:
Abductor Digiti Minimi
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis
Compartments of the Foot
Central Compartment (Green)
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
Muscles associated with tendon of FDL (lumbricals and quadratus plantae)
Adductor Hallucis
Compartments of the Foot
Medial Compartment (Blue)
Muscles of the great toe:
Abductor Hallucis
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Compartments of the Foot
Interossei (Pink)
Plantar and Dorsal Interossei
Foot - Layer 1
Abductor Hallucis (1)
Medial Tubercle of Calcaneus and flexor retinaculum to the medial base of the proximal phalynx
Foot - Layer 1
Flexor Digitorum Brevis (2)
Medial tubercle of calcaneus to the middle phalanges of the lateral 4 toes
Foot - Layer 1
Abductor Digiti Minimi (3)
Tubercle of Calcaneus to the lateral base of the proximal phalynx
Foot - Layer 2
Long flexor tendons to the toes
FDL and FHL
Foot - Layer 2
Lumbricals (*)
Tendons of FDL to the medial side of the dorsal tendon expansion
Foot - Layer 2
Quadratus Plantae (QP)
Medial and lateral surfaces of calcaneus to the lateral side of the FDL tendon
Foot - Layers 1 and 2
Foot - Layer 3
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
Cuboid and Lateral Cuneiform to both sides of the base of the proximal phalanx
Foot - Layer 3
Adductor Hallucis
Transverse head: Plantr ligament of MTP joints
Oblique head: Base metatarsals 2 and 4
Both go to the lateral side of the base of the proximal phalanx
Foot - Layer 3
Flexor Digiti Minimi Brevis (*)
Base of the 5th Metatarsal to the base of the proximal phalanx
Foot - Layer 4
Plantar Insterossei
3 of them
Bases and medial side of metatarsals 3-5 (unipennate) to the medial side of the proximal phalanx of 3rd-5th digit
PAD - Plantar ADuct
Foot - Layer 4
Dorsal Interossei
4
Adjacent sides of metatarsals 1-5 (bipennate) to the 1st on medial side proximal phalanx of the 2nd digit and 2nd-4th on lateral side of proximal phalanx of 2nd-4th digits
DAB - Dorsal ABduct
Foot - Layer 4
Tendons
Peroneus Longus (*)
Tibialis Posterior (TP)
Foot - Layers 3 and 4
Plantar Nerves
What are they?
Terminal branches of Tibial nerve, deep to the flexor retinaculum. They enter the foot deep to Abductor Hallucis.
Plantar Nerves
Medial Plantar Nerve
Between Abductor Hallucis and FDB
Plantar Nerves
Lateral Plantar Nerve
Between Layers 1 and 2. Deep and superficial branches. Deep branch between layers 3 and 4.
Innervation of the Muscles of the Foot
Medial Plantar Nerve
Abuctor Hallucis
Flexor Digitorum Brevis
1st Lumbrical
Flexor Hallucis Brevis
S2, S3
Innervation of the Muscles of the Foot
Lateral Plantar Nerve
Everything that the Medial Plantar Nerve does not innervate
S2, S3
Cutaneous Innervation of the Foot
Plantar Arteries
What are they?
Terminal branches of the Posterior Tibial artery deep to the flexor retinaculum. They enter the foot deep to Abductor Hallucis.
Plantar Arteries
Medial Plantar Artery
Muscles of Hallux and overlying skin. Occasionally there is a Superficial plantar arch
Plantar Arteries
Lateral Plantar Artery
Initially between layers 1 and 2.
Deep plantar arch between layers 3 adn 4. Deep plantar artery from dorsalis pedis.
Plantar metatarsal and digital artery.
