Anterior and Medial Thigh

Question 1

Compartments of the Thigh

Answer 1

Question 2

Proximal femur (anterior)

Answer 2

Question 3

Proximal femur (posterior)

Answer 3

Question 4

Muscles of the anterior thigh

Hip Flexors

Answer 4

Iliacus, Psoas major, pectineus, sartorius

Question 5

Muscles of the anterior thigh

Knee extensors

Answer 5

Quadriceps –

Rectus femoris

Vastus medialis

Vastus lateralis

Vastus intermedius

Question 6

Hip Flexors - Iliopsoas

Iliacus attachments

Answer 6

Iliac crest, fossa, ala of sacrum, anterior sacroiliac ligament to the psoas tendon and lesser trochanter

Question 7

Hip Flexors - Iliopsoas

Iliacus innervation

Answer 7

Femoral nerve (L2,3)

Question 8

Hip Flexors - Iliopsoas

Iliacus function

Answer 8

Flexes hip

Question 9

Hip Flexors - Iliopsoas

Psoas major attachments

Answer 9

T12-L5, IV discs, lumbar transverse processes to the lesser trochanter

Question 10

Hip Flexors - Iliopsoas

Psoas major innervation

Answer 10

Anterior rami L1-3

Question 11

Hip Flexors - Iliopsoas

Psoas major function

Answer 11

Flex hip

Question 12

Hip Flexors - Pectineus

Attachments

Answer 12

Superior ramus of pubis to the pectineal line of the femur

Question 13

Hip Flexors - Pectineus

Innervation

Answer 13

Femoral nerve (L2,3) occasionally a branch from obturator

Question 14

Hip Flexors - Pectineus

Function

Answer 14

Adducts and flexes hip, and assists with medial rotation

Question 15

Hip Flexors - Sartorius

Attachments

Answer 15

Anterior superior iliac spine to the superior part of the medial surface of the tibia

Question 16

Hip Flexors - Sartorius

Innervation

Answer 16

Femoral nerve (L2,3)

Question 17

Hip Flexors - Sartorius

Function

Answer 17

Flexes, abducts, and laterally rotates hip, and flexes knee

Question 18

Knee extensors - Quadriceps

Rectus femoris attachments

Answer 18

AIIS, ilium above acetabulum

Question 19

Knee extensors - Quadriceps

Vastus lateralis attachments

Answer 19

Greater trochanter and lateral linea aspera

Question 20

Knee extensors - Quadriceps

Vastus medialis attachments

Answer 20

Intertrochanteric line and medial linea aspera

Question 21

Knee extensors - Quadriceps

Vastus intermedius attachments

Answer 21

Anterior and lateral shaft of femur

Question 22

Knee extensors - Quadriceps

All quadriceps distal attachments

Answer 22

Quadriceps tendon then tibial tuberosity via patellar ligament

Question 23

Knee extensors - Quadriceps

Function

Answer 23

Extend knee (rectus femoris also flexes hip)

Question 24

Knee extensors - Quadriceps

Innervation

Answer 24

Femoral nerve (L2,3,4)

Question 25

Femoral Nerve

Route and branches

Answer 25

Deep to inguinal ligament, medial to ASIS, on tendon of iliopsoas m.

Muscular branches - anterior thigh

Articular branches - hip and knee

Cutaneous branches - anteromedial thigh

Saphenous nerve is terminal cutaneous branch to anteromedial knee, leg and foot.

Question 26

Muscles of the Medial Thigh

Answer 26

Question 27

Hip Adductors - Gracilis

Attachments

Answer 27

Body and inferior ramus of pubis to the superior medial surface of the tibia

Question 28

Hip Adductors - Gracilis

Innervation

Answer 28

Obturator (L2,3)

Question 29

Hip Adductors - Gracilis

Function

Answer 29

Adducts hip and flexes knee

Question 30

Hip Adductors - Adductor Longus

Function

Answer 30

Adducts thigh

Question 31

Hip Adductors - Adductor Longus

Attachments

Answer 31

Body of pubis to the middle third of the linea aspera

Question 32

Hip Adductors - Adductor Longus

Innervation

Answer 32

Obturator (L2,3,4)

Question 33

Hip Adductors - Adductor Brevis

Attachments

Answer 33

Body and inferior ramus of pubis to the pectineal line and proximal linea aspera

Question 34

Hip Adductors - Adductor Brevis

Innervation

Answer 34

Obturator (L2,3,4)

Question 35

Hip Adductors - Adductor Brevis

Function

Answer 35

Adducts thigh (may assist flexion)

Question 36

Hip Adductors - Adductor Magnus

Attachments

Answer 36

Ischiopubic ramus and Ischial tuberosity to the linea aspera, medial supracondylar line and adductor tubercle

Question 37

Hip Adductors - Adductor Magnus

Innervation

Answer 37

Obturator (L2,3,4)

Hamstring part - Tibial part of sciatic nerve (L4)

Question 38

Hip Adductors - Adductor Magnus

Function

Answer 38

Adducts thigh

Adductor part flexes and hamstring part extends thigh

Question 39

Hip Adductors - Obturator Externus

Attachments

Answer 39

Margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane to trochanteric fossa

Question 40

Hip Adductors - Obturator Externus

Innervation

Answer 40

Obturator nerve (L3,4)

Question 41

Hip Adductors - Obturator Externus

Function

Answer 41

Laterally rotates thigh

Question 42

Obturator nerve

Route and branches

Answer 42

Anterior divisions L2-4 root value

Runs along wall of pelvis to obturator canal.

Anterior and posterior branches

Question 43

Adductor Canal

Position and contents

Answer 43

Apex of femoral triangle to the adductor hiatus

Femoral vesels travelling to poploteal fossa. Saphenous nerve before passing between sartorius and gracilis to supply skin of anteromedial knee, leg and foot

Question 44

Arterial Supply

Femoral artery

Answer 44

Continuation of external iliac artery

Runs from femoral triangle to adductor canal, to the adductor hiatus and becomes popliteal artery.

Supplies anterior and anteromedial thigh

Question 45

Arterial Supply

Profunda femoris

Answer 45

Branch of femoral artery. Posterior to adductor longus and branches into 3-4 perforations through adductor magnus.

Medial and lateral circumflex femoral branches (usually)

Question 46

Arterial Supply

Obturator Artery

Answer 46

From internal iliac.

Through obturator foramen to medial compartment, to anteror and posterior branches.

Anterior branch goes to medial compartment muscles

Posterior branch goes to muscles attached to the ischial tuberosity