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Gross Anatomy 2 > Parotid Gand and Temporal Region > Flashcards

Parotid Gand and Temporal Region Flashcards

1
Q

Parotid Gland

Acini, capsule, duct

A

Salivary gland with serous acini only

CT capsule and dense fibrous capsule extending as deep as the stylomandibular ligament

Single duct 1 fingers breadth below zygomatic arch

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2
Q

Parotid Duct

A

Sharp, medial turn to pierce buccal fat pad and buccinator to enter oral cavity.

Oblique passage

Palpable if masseter is tense

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3
Q

Facial Nerve to Muscles of Facial Expression

A
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4
Q

Facial Scructures

A
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5
Q

Parotid Gland and Surrounding Structures

A
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6
Q

Nerve Supply to Parotid Gland

A
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7
Q

Muscles of Mastication

Number

A

Four - Temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid and lateral pterygoid

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8
Q

Muscles of Mastication

Innervation

A

Mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V3)

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9
Q

Muscles of Mastication

Function

A

Movements of the mandible - Elevation, depression, protrusion, retrusion and lateral sliding.

Depression may be by gravity or against force using supra-hyoid muscles

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10
Q

Temporalis

Attachments

A

Temporal fossa and fascia to coronoid process and anterior border of the ramus of the mandible

Covered by temporal fascia

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11
Q

Temporalis

Function

A

Anterior and superior fibres elevate mandible.

Posterior fibres retract it.

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12
Q

Temporalis

Innervation

A

Deep temporal nerves (x2) from anterior division of mandibular division of trigeminal nerve (CN V3)

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13
Q

Masseter

Attachments

A

Zygomatic arch to the lateral aspect of the ramus of the mandible

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14
Q

Masseter

Function

A

Elevates mandible

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15
Q

Masseter

Innervation

A

Masseteric nerve from the anterior division of CN V3

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16
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

Attachments (upper and lower head)

A

Upper head from the infratemporal surface of the greater wing of the sphenoid.

Lower head from the lateral surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

Insers into neck of mandible and articular disk

17
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

Function

A

Pulls neck of mandible forwards with articular disk (Protrusion - both)

Helps in lateral chewing movements with Medial Pterygoid (one side)

18
Q

Lateral Pterygoid

Innervation

A

Nerve to lateral pterygoid - anterior division of CN V3

19
Q

Medial Pterygoid

Attachments (Superficial and Deep heads)

A

Superficial head from the tubercle of the maxilla

Deep head from the medial surface of the lateral pterygoid plate

Inserts into the medial surface of the angle of the mandible

20
Q

Medial Pterygoid

Function

A

Assists in elevation

21
Q

Medial Pterygoid

Innervation

A

Nerve to medial pterygoid from the main trunk of the mandibular division of the trigeminal nerve (CN V3)

22
Q

Movements of the Mandible

Elevation

A

Head of the mandible and disc move backwards and head rotates on the lower surface of the disc (temporalis, masseter and medial pterygoid)

23
Q

Movements of the Mandible

Depression

A

Head of mandible rotates on undersurface of articular disc and mandible is pulled forward (lateral pterygoid, digastric, geniohyoid, mylohyoid and gravity)

24
Q

Movements of the Mandible

Protrustion

A

Articular disc and head of mandible move forward. Movement is in the upper part of the cavity (Lateral pterygoid and medial pterygoid which assists)

25
Q

Movements of the Mandible

Retrusion

A

Articular disc and head of mandible pulled backwards into mandibular fossa (posterior fibres of temporalis)

26
Q

Movements of the Mandible

Lateral chewing

A

Protrusion and retrusion combined (both pterygoids)

27
Q

Mandibular division of trigeminal nerve (CN V3)

28
Q

External Carotid Artery

29
Q

Posterior Branches of ECA

Occipital

A

Close to origin of facial, crossed by hypoglossal nerve.

Passes under posterior belly of digastric to enter the posterior triangle.

Back of scalp.

30
Q

Posterior Branches of ECA

Posterior Auricular

A

Level of upper border of belly of digastric.

Scalp.

31
Q

Posterior Branches of ECA

Ascending pharyngeal

A

Ascends between internal carotid and pharynx, and branches to pharynx.

32
Q

Anterior Branches of ECA

Superior thyroid

A

Near origin, runs with external laryngeal nerve.

Branch to SCM and superior laryngeal artery.

33
Q

Anterior Branches of ECA

Lingual

A

Opposite tip greater cornu of hyoid bone

Passes deep to hyoglossus

Crossed by hypoglossal nerve

Oral cavity

34
Q

Anterior Branches of ECA

Facial Nerve

A

Above tip of greater cornu of hyoid bone

Passes deep to posterior belly of digastric

Superior and inferior labial branches and angular artery to face

35
Q

Terminal Branches of ECA

Superficial Temporal

A

Smaller branch

Ascends in front of auricle

Divides into anterior and posterior branches which supply the skin over the frontal and temporal regions

36
Q

Terminal Branches of ECA

Maxillary

A

Arises behind neck of mandible

Branches to muscles of mastication, tympanic membrane, upper and lower teeth, palate, nasal cavity, nasopharynx and meninges

37
Q

Facial Lymphatics

Gross Anatomy 2 (28 decks)

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