Anterior Triangle of Neck

Question 1

Triangles of the neck

Sternocleidomastoid (SCM)

Answer 1

Divides anterior from posterior triangle

Question 2

Boundaries of the Anterior Triangle

Anterior border

Answer 2

Imaginary midline of neck

Question 3

Boundaries of the Anterior Triangle

Posterior border

Answer 3

Anterior border of SCM

Question 4

Boundaries of the Anterior Triangle

Base

Answer 4

Mandible

Question 5

Divisions of the Anterior Triangle

Answer 5

Question 6

Divisions of Anterior Triangle

Submental

Answer 6

Submental lymph nodes and beginning of anterior jugular vein

Question 7

Divisions of Anterior Triangle

Submandibular

Answer 7

Submandibular salivary gland, lymph nodes, fascial artery and vein, carotid sheath, hypoglossal nerve etc

Question 8

Divisions of Anterior Triangle

Carotid

Answer 8

Carotid sheath, branches of external carotid artery, internal jugular vein, hypoglossal accessory and vagus nerves etc

Question 9

Divisions of Anterior Triangle

Muscular

Answer 9

Sternohyoid and sternothyroid form the floor beneath which lies the thyroid gland, larynx, trachea and oesophagus

Question 10

Contents of Anterior Triangle

Answer 10

Question 11

Fascia of Anterior Neck

Answer 11

Question 12

Platysma

Attachments

Answer 12

From fascia above pectoralis major and clavicle to lateral neck and onto mandible

Question 13

Platysma

Innervation

Answer 13

Facial nerve CN VII

Question 14

Veins of Head/Neck

Answer 14

Question 15

Supra-hyoid muscles

Function

Answer 15

Raise hyoid bone or depress mandible (mylohyoid and digastric)

Question 16

Supra-hyoid muscles

Innervation

Answer 16

Facial nerve - posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid

Mandibular division of trigeminal CNV3 - anterior belly of digastric and mylohyoid

Question 17

Supra-hyoid muscles

Geniohyoid

Answer 17

Deep to mylohyoid - Innervated by C1 via hypoglossal CN XII

Question 18

Infrahyoid Muscles

Function

Answer 18

Depress hyoid bone

Question 19

Infrahyoid Muscles

Attachments

Answer 19

Indicated by names of muscles

Question 20

Infrahyoid Muscles

Innervation

Answer 20

Ansa cervialis except thyrohyoid (C1 via hypoglossal CN XII)

Question 21

Vasculature and Nerves

Answer 21

Question 22

Cervical Plexus

Root value

Answer 22

Anterior rami C1-4

Question 23

Cervical Plexus

Arrangement

Answer 23

Joined into loops which lie anterior to levator scapulae and scalenus medius

Question 24

Cervical Plexus

Covering

Answer 24

Formed by pre-vertebral layer of deep cervical fascia

Question 25

Cervical Plexus Innervation provided

Answer 25

Somatic motor and sensory (plus sympathetic)

Question 26

Cervical Plexus

Answer 26

Question 27

Common Carotid Artery Origin

Answer 27

LCA from arch of aortaRCA from brachiocephalic

Question 28

Common Carotid Artery Branches

Answer 28

No branches except the terminal ones = inernal and external carotid

Question 29

Common Carotid Artery Branches supply

Answer 29

Internal to brainExternal to head, face, neck

Question 30

Common Carotid Artery .Location

Answer 30

Within carotid sheath with internal jugular vain and vagus nerve

Question 31

Carotid and Neighbours

Answer 31

Question 32

Branches of External Carotid

Answer 32

Question 33

Other Neck Vessels

Answer 33

Question 34

Vagus Nerve Root Value

Answer 34

CN X

Question 35

Vagus Nerve Route

Answer 35

Descends in carotid sheath. Has recurrent laryngeal branches to muscles of larynx - Left around arch of aorta and right around subclavian artery

Question 36

Vagus Nerve Branches

Answer 36

Internal and external laryngeal. Travel through thoracic inlet into superior mediastinum - supply parasympathetic innervation to thorax and abdomen

Question 37

Structures in Neck

Answer 37

Question 38

Thyroid Gland Type of secretion

Answer 38

Endocrine - regulates metabolic rate

Question 39

Thyroid Gland Lobes

Answer 39

2 - Isthmus (over tracheal ring 2 or 3) and capsule

Question 40

Thyroid Gland Covers

Answer 40

From lamina of thyroid cartilage down to 6th tracheal ring

Question 41

Thyroid Gland Parathyroid glands

Answer 41

Embedded into posterior surface

Question 42

Thyroid Vasculature

Answer 42

Question 43

Submandibular Salivary Glands Position

Answer 43

Inferior to mylohyoid, plus part in floor of mouth superior to mylohyoid

Question 44

Submandibular Salivary Glands Openings

Answer 44

One duct either side opening between first and second lower incisiors either side of frenelum

Question 45

Submandibular Salivary Glands Innervation

Answer 45

CN VII

Question 46

Thoracic Duct

Answer 46