Plant cell organisation Flashcards
1
Q
What 3 organs make up a plant
A
- Leaves
- Stem
- Roots
2
Q
What different tissues does a leaf contain
A
- Epidermis
- Mespohyll
- Xylem
- Phloem
3
Q
In what order are the cells in a plant organised
A
- Waxy cuticle
- Upper Epdermis
- Palisade Mesophyll
- Spongy Mesophyll
- Lower epidermis (gaurd cells and stomata)
4
Q
What is the Waxy Cuticle
A
- Thin layer of lipids on the uper side of the leaf
- Restricts water loss from the leaf
5
Q
What is the Upper Epidermis
A
- Transparent layer of cells at the top of the leaf
- Allows maximum sinlight to the Palisade Mesphyll for photosynthesis
6
Q
What is the Palisade Mesophyll
A
- Site of photosynthesis
- Contains loads of chloroplasts for photosynthesis
- Near the top of the leaf to absorb maximum sunlight for photosynthesis
7
Q
What is the Spongy Mesophyll
A
- Contains a lot of gaps to allow for easy and fast diffusion of gases (CO2) to the Palisade Mesophyll for photosynthesis
8
Q
What is the Lower Epidermis
A
- Contains thousands of stomata (holes for diffusion of gases)
- Each stoma has a gaurd cell either side to control the size of the stoma to maximize CO2 absorption and to minimize loss of water
9
Q
How does a gaurd cell work
A
- Stomata are only open for short busrst to limit loss of water
- When there is lots of water in the leaf, the gaurd cells are turgid. Therefore, the stomata are wide open to allow maximum CO2 absorption
- When there is little water in the lead, the gaurd cells are flacid. Therefore, the stomata are closed to allow the conservation of water for photosynthesis
- Gaurd cells are light sensitive. Therefore, they are closed at night as no photosynthesis takes place
10
Q
How do leaves conserve water
A
- Waxy cuticle on top of the leaf to limit water loss
- Use gaurd cells to control the size of stomata to limit water loss
- Most stomata are on the lower side of the leaf as it is more shaded and therefore less water will be evaporated
11
Q
What and where are meristem cells
A
- Found in the growing tips of the roots and shoots of leaves
- Can differentiate into a lot of different types of cells to allow the plant to grow and repair
