Pig GI Disease Flashcards
Where do pig gastric ulcers occur?
Pars esophagea
What are predisposing factors for gastric ulcers?
Stress, pneumonia, finely ground feed
What can gastric ulcers lead to when severe?
“Bleed out” and anemia
What is the most common cause of diarrhea in piglets <5d old?
Colibacillosis (E. coli)
What are clinical signs of colibacillosis (E. coli)?
Clear watery/pasty brown feces, dehydration, depression
What are the 4 E. coli strains that cause enteritis in piglets?
K88, K99, F41, 987
What is the pH of a colibacillosis feces?
> 8
What will you see on a colibacillosis necropsy?
Dilated gas filled small intestine
How do you treat colibacillosis?
Ampicillin, tetracycline, ceftiofur
When do you vaccinate sows for colibacillosis?
Pre-farrowing
What causes TGE (transmissable gastroenteritis)?
Coronavirus
Which form of TGE affects pigs 1-8wk of age?
Endemic form
What seasonality is assoc. w/TGE?
Winter disease
What are clinical signs of TGE in neonates?
V+, diarrhea w/undigested milk
Morbidity and mortality assoc. w/TGE are highest in what age of pigs?
<2wk`
Chronic low grade scours in nursery pigs are a sign of what disease?
Endemic TGE
How do you dx TGE?
ELISA/IFA of gut contents
What will you find on TGE necropsy?
Thin walled, transparent small intestine w/undigested milk
What are TGE carriers?
Dogs and birds
Which Clostridial agent causes Clostridial enteritis in piglets?
C. perfringens type C
What age of piglets is most affected by Clostridial enteritis?
1-2d
What are clinical signs of Clostridial enteritits?
Bloody diarrhea, sudden death
What will you find on a Clostridial enteritis necropsy?
Blood in jejunum, necrosis of small intestine
How do Clostridial agents appear on histopathology?
Large gram + rods
How do you treat Clostridial enteritis?
Usually die too quickly, Type C antitoxin
How do you prevent Clostridial enteritis?
Vax sow pre-farrowing, prophylactic bacitracin/penicillin to piglets
What is the coccidiosis agent of piglets?
Isospora suis
What age of piglets is usually affected by Isospora suis (coccidiosis)?
5d to weaning
What are clinical signs of Isospora suis (coccidiosis) in piglets?
Diarrhea, acidic feces, dehydration
What seasonality does Isospora suis (coccidiosis) have?
Summer d/t humidity
How will coccidiosis appear on necropsy?
Fibrinonectoric enteritis
How do you treat coccidiosis?
Amprolium to piglets, Panazuril (off label)
What age of pigs are affected by rotavirus?
All ages
What age of pigs does rotavirus cause diarrhea?
Post-weaned pigs
How do you dx rotavirus in a pig?
Histo, fluorescent antibody test, electron microscopy
How do you treat rotavirus in pigs?
Glucose and fluids and abx for concurrent infections
How do you prevent/control rotavirus?
Wean pigs on good nutritional diet, limited availability vax
What are the species of Salmonella that affect pigs?
S. typhimurium/choleraesuis
How will a Salmonella enteritis present on necropsy?
Fibrinonecrotic enteritis or colitis
What disease causes rectal strictures in pigs?
Salmonella
What is the causative agent of swine dysentery?
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae
What age of pigs is affected by swine dysentery?
Growers/finishers
What are clinical signs of swine dysentery?
Watery, bloody, mucoid diarrhea
How do you treat swine dysentery?
Lincomycin
How will swine dysentery present on necropsy?
Mucohemorrhagic colitis
What causes proliferative enteropathy?
Lawsonia intracellularis
What age of pigs are affected by L. intracellularis (proliferative enteropathy)?
Weanlings and older
What are clinical signs of L. intracellularis (proliferative enteropathy)?
Intermittent D= that can be hemorrhagic, anemia
What is a pathognomonic sign of chronic proliferative enteropathy (L. intracellularis)?
“Garden hose” ileum and colon
How can you diagnose L. intracellularis with histo?
Intracellular organism, silver positive
How do you treat L. intracellularis?
Tylosin, vaccinate in water, tetracycline in feed
What is the whipworm of pigs?
Trichuris suis
What age of pigs are affected by Trichuris suis?
2-6mo
Where in the GIT do Trichuris suis live?
Lg intestine, esp cecum
How do you treat Trichuris suis?
Fenbendazole
Which vitamin deficiency causes a head tilt, incoordination, and weak rear limbs in pigs with normal vitals?
Vit A deficiency
What can Vit A deficiency lead to?
Middle ear infections, embryonic mortality or congenital defects
