Physiology of Sleep Flashcards
1
Q
NTs involved in wake
A
- ACh
- 5HT
- NE
- DA
- histamine
- orexin
2
Q
- ACh active
- 25-30% of total sleep
- rapid eye mvmts
- decreased muscle tone
- increased BP, HR, RR
- dreams
- decreased by EtOH, benzos, and barbs
A
REM sleep
3
Q
sleep disorders of non-REM sleep
A
- somnambulism (sleepwalking)
- night terrors
- insomnia
4
Q
NTs involved in non-REM sleep
A
GABA
5
Q
non-REM sleep
A
- GABA active
- 4 stages:
- transition (EEG looks like awake- increased by benzos)
- light sleep (most sleep- 50% of total; EEG slower- increased by benzos)
- 3/4. deep sleep (delta waves- somnambulism and night terrors- 25% of total- decreased by benzos)
6
Q
the homeostatic system (process S)
A
sleep compensation following sleep loss
7
Q
NTs involved in REM sleep
A
- ACh
- GABA (reduced)
8
Q
REM sleep
A
- ACh active
- 25-30% of total sleep
- rapid eye mvmts
- decreased muscle tone
- increased BP, HR, RR
- dreams
- decreased by EtOH, benzos, and barbs
9
Q
the circadian rhythm (process C)
A
- sleep/wake cycles mediated by melatonin
- linked to light/dark cycle
- suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of hypothalamus
- core body temperature
- cortisol levels
10
Q
Why do we sleep?
A
it’s necessary for brain regeneration, development, and memory
11
Q
What controls melatonin rhythms?
A
suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus
12
Q
sleep disorders of REM sleep
A
- no REM = anxiety, irritability, hallucinations, difficulty concentrating, increased appetite, problems learning new material
- decreased REM = insomnia
13
Q
- GABA active
- 4 stages:
- transition (EEG looks like awake- increased by benzos)
- light sleep (most sleep- 50% of total; EEG slower- increased by benzos)
- 3/4. deep sleep (delta waves- somnambulism and night terrors- 25% of total- decreased by benzos)
A
non-REM sleep
