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aNeuro exam 4: Lindsey's > Neuro Review- First Aid- pg 472 -476 > Flashcards

Neuro Review- First Aid- pg 472 -476 Flashcards

1
Q

Dx?

  • contralateral paralysis of lower face
  • forehead spared (bc of bilateral UMN innervation)
A

facial UMN lesion

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2
Q

CNs of the medulla?

A

CNIX, X, XI, XII (9, 10, 11, 12)

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3
Q

CNV (5) motor lesion finding?

A

jaw deviates TOWARD side of lesion b/c of unopposed ptyerygoid muscle forces

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4
Q

CNs of the spinal cord?

A

nucleus of CNXI (11)

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5
Q

Name the muscles that close the jaw.

A
  1. Masseter
  2. teMporalis
  3. Medial pterygoid

*** M’s Munch- it takes More Muscle to keep your Mouth shut!

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6
Q
  • Finding: uvula deviates AWAY from side of lesion (weak side collapses and uvula points away)
  • Lesion?
A

CNX (10)

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7
Q

Dx?

  • peripheral ipsilateral facial paralysis (drooping smile)
  • inability to close eye on affected side
  • cause = destruction of facial nucleus or its branching efferent fibers (facial nerve)
  • idiopathic = Bell’s palsy (usu. self-limiting)
  • risk factors = Lyme disease, herpes simplex and zoster, sarcoid, tumors, DM
  • tx = corticosteroids
A

facial nerve palsy

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8
Q

pupillary reflex afferent and efferent CNs

A
  • afferent = II (2)
  • efferent =III (3)
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9
Q

lateral cranial nerve nuclei = ?

A

sensory (aLar plate)

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10
Q

gag reflex afferent and efferent CNs

A
  • afferent = IX (9)
  • efferent = X (10)
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11
Q

medial cranial nerve nuclei =

A

motor (basal plate)

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12
Q

facial nerve palsy

A
  • peripheral ipsilateral facial paralysis (drooping smile)
  • inability to close eye on affected side
  • cause = destruction of facial nucleus or its branching efferent fibers (facial nerve)
  • idiopathic = Bell’s palsy (usu. self-limiting)
  • risk factors = Lyme disease, herpes simplex and zoster, sarcoid, tumors, DM
  • tx = corticosteroids
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13
Q

What is the Weber hearing test and when will it be abnormal?

A
  • tuning fork placed on top of pt’s head - ask which ear the sound is louder in
  • normal = both ears equal
  • abnormal = louder in defective ear
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14
Q

_____ frequency sounds are heard at the apex of the basilar membrane near the helicotrema.

A

Low

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15
Q

In sensorineural hearing loss, the Rinne test will show ____ and the Weber test will show ____.

A
  • Rinne = normal
  • Weber = louder in unaffected ear
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16
Q

CNs of the midbrain?

A

CNIII and IV (3 and 4)

17
Q

CNs of the pons?

A

CNV, VI, VIII, VIII (5, 6, 7, 8)

18
Q

Name the muscles that open the jaw.

A

only the lateral pterygoid (lateral lowers)

19
Q
  • Finding: weakness turning head to contralateral side of lesion (SCM) with shoulder droop on side of lesion (trapezius) *** the L SCM contract to help the head turn R ***
  • Lesion?
A

CNXI (11)

20
Q

CNXI (11) lesion finding?

A
  • weakness turning head to contralateral side of lesion (SCM)
  • shoulder droop on side of lesion (trapezius)
  • *** the L SCM contracts to help the head turn R ***
21
Q

In conductive hearing loss, the Rinne test will show ____ and the Weber test will show ____.

A
  • Rinne = abnormal
  • Weber = sound louder in affected ear
22
Q

_____ frequency sounds are heard best at the base of the cochlea.

A

High

23
Q

jaw jerk reflex afferent and efferent CNs

A
  • afferent = V3 (5- sensory- muscle spindle from masseter)
  • efferent = V3 (5- motor- masseter muscle)
24
Q

What is the Rinne hearing test and when will it be abnormal?

A
  • tuning fork against mastoid bone until pt can’t hear sound any longer, then move to air next to ear
  • normal = can hear sound next to pinna after mastoid
  • abnormal = conductive (bone > air)
25
Q
  • Finding: tongue deviates TOWARDS side of lesion (lick your wounds) due to weakened tongue muscles on the affected side
  • Lesion?
A

CNXII (12)- LMN

26
Q

Low frequency sounds are heard at the ____ of the basilar membrane near the _____.

A

apex; helicotrema

27
Q

CNX (10) lesion finding?

A

uvula deviates AWAY from side of lesion (weak side collapses and uvula points away)

28
Q

High frequency sounds are heard best at the _____ of the _____.

A

base of the cochlea

29
Q

facial LMN lesion findings

A

ipsilateral paralysis of upper AND lower face

30
Q

CNXII (12) lesion finding (LMN)?

A

tongue deviates TOWARDS side of lesion (lick your wounds) due to weakened tongue muscles on the affected side

31
Q

Dx?

ipsilateral paralysis of upper AND lower face

A

facial LMN lesion

32
Q
  • Finding: jaw deviates TOWARD side of lesion b/c of unopposed ptyerygoid muscle forces
  • Lesion?
A

CNV (5) motor lesion

33
Q

facial UMN lesion findings

A
  • contralateral paralysis of lower face
  • forehead spared (bc of bilateral UMN innervation)
34
Q

corneal reflex afferent and efferent CNs

A
  • afferent = V1 (5- ophthalmic- nasociliary branch)
  • efferent = VII (7- temporal branch- orbicularis oculi)
35
Q

lacrimation reflex afferent and efferent CNs

A
  • afferent = V1 (5- doesn’t mess with emotional tears, tho)
  • efferent = VII (7)

aNeuro exam 4: Lindsey's (37 decks)

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