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aNeuro exam 4: Lindsey's > Addiction > Flashcards

Addiction Flashcards

1
Q

Describe the risks associated with marijuana use during pregnancy.

A

x

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2
Q

Describe the risks associated with marijuana use during adolescents.

A

c

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3
Q

Describe the risks associated with marijuana use during adulthood.

A

c

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4
Q

What is the pharm tx for opioid abuse? What are their mechanisms of action?

A

Methadone –> mu opioid agonist, long acting
** can only be administered in methadone clinics
Buprenorphine –> partial opioid agonist
** w/ naloxone = suboxone
Naltrexone –> can precipitate withdrawal

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5
Q

What is the pharm tx for nicotine abuse? What are their mechanisms of action?

A

Buproprion (Wellbutrin/Zyban) –> Nicotinic receptor antagonist? Dopamine reuptake inhibitor; doubles quit rates
Varenicline (Chantix) –> Partial α4β2 agonist, conflicting reports of depression and suicidal ideation
NRTs (nicotine replacement gum, patch –> several different doses avail., titrate down over months)

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6
Q

What is the pharm tx for alcohol abuse? What are their mechanisms of action?

A

Disulfiram –> inhibits acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
Naltrexone –> Opioid antagonist
Acamprosate –> GABA/glutamate balance

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7
Q

Describe the chaotic life‐circumstances that confront many addicted youths.

A

c

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8
Q

How do addictive substances contribute to the antisocial and substance problems seen in addicted youths?

A

x

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9
Q

Discuss the role of “free will” and “personal responsibility” for behavioral transgressions if the patient’s brain functions aberrantly while deciding whether to do high‐risk behaviors.

A

v

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10
Q

Discuss how substance availability influences substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

n

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11
Q

Discuss how acceptability influences substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

n

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12
Q

Discuss how pharmacological reinforcement influences substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

a

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13
Q

Discuss how history of prior substance use influences substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

f

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14
Q

Discuss how genes influence substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

genetic component shown via incidence rates in 1st degree relatives –> increased risk to children, etc

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15
Q

Discuss how gender influences substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

males and females have similar prevalence rates in adolescence, but by young adulthood male>female SUD
prevalence rates begin to emerge

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16
Q

Discuss how age influences substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

Rationale for why adolescents are more vulnerable to addiction than adults: reward-related circuitry
processing matures earlier while neural processing of inhibition are not yet fully developed.

17
Q

Discuss how a risk‐taking disposition influences substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

cognitive control –> people that respond well to reward take longer to break habits in spite of later punishments

18
Q

Discuss how stress influences substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

lots of stress, anxiety, etc leads to greater risk of addiction

19
Q

Discuss how pharmacological punishment of substance use influences substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

c

20
Q

Discuss how social punishment of substance use influences substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

x

21
Q

Discuss how social reinforcement of non‐use of substances influences substance‐taking and what treatment interventions may address it.

A

x

22
Q

What is Disulfiram?

A

inhibitor of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase

tx for EtOH

23
Q

Name the drug:
inhibitor of acetaldehyde dehydrogenase
tx for EtOH

A

Disulfiram

24
Q

What is Naltrexone?

A

an opioid antagonist

a tx of EtOH

25
Q

Name the drug:
an opioid antagonist
a tx of EtOH

A

Naltrexone

26
Q

What is Acamprosate?

A

for GABA/glutamate balance

tx for EtOH

27
Q

Name the drug:
for GABA/glutamate balance
tx for EtOH

A

Acamprosate

28
Q

What is Methadone?

A

Long acting opioid agonist

used to treat opioid addiction

29
Q

Name the drug:
Long acting opioid agonist
used to treat opioid addiction

A

Methadone

30
Q

What is Buprenorphine?

A

Partial opioid agonist/naloxone

used to treat opioid addiction

31
Q

Name the drug:
Partial opioid agonist/naloxone
used to treat opioid addiction

A

Buprenorphine

32
Q

What is Naltrexone?

A

blocks the euphoric effects of opioids

Can precipitate withdrawal

33
Q

Name the drug:
blocks the euphoric effects of opioids
Can precipitate withdrawal

A

Naltrexone

34
Q

What is Buproprion (Wellbutrin/Zyban)?

A

Nicotinic receptor antagonist?
Dopamine reuptake inhibitor
tx for nicotine addiction

35
Q

Name the drug:
Nicotinic receptor antagonist?
Dopamine reuptake inhibitor
tx for nicotine addiction

A

Buproprion (Wellbutrin/Zyban)

36
Q

What is Varenicline?

A

a partial α4β2 agonist
conflicting reports of depression and suicidal ideation
tx for nicotine addiction

37
Q

Name the drug:
a partial α4β2 agonist
conflicting reports of depression and suicidal ideation
tx for nicotine addiction

A

Varenicline

aNeuro exam 4: Lindsey's (37 decks)

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