Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Renal > Physiology 3 > Flashcards

Physiology 3 Flashcards

1
Q

Glomerular capillary endothelium is barrier to what?

A

RBC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Basement membrane (basal lamina) is barrier to what?

A

Plasma protein barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Slit processes of podocytes (glomerular epithelium) is barrier to what?

A

Plasma protein barrier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Glomerular capillary blood pressure

A

55mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Cpaillary oncotic pressure?

A

30mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Bowman’s Capsule Hydrostatic (fluid) pressure?

A

15mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Bowman’s capsule oncotic pressure?

A

0mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Net filtration pressure?

A

10mmHg

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

GFR?

A

rate at which protein-free plasma is filtered from the gomeruli into the Bowman’s capsule per unit time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rate at which protein-free plasma is filtered from the glomeruli into the Bowman’s capsule per unit time?

A

GFR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Normal GFR?

A

125ml/min

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Major determinant of GFR?

A

Glomerular capillary fluid (blood) pressure i the major determinant of GFR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

GFR = ? x ?

A

Kf x net filtration pressure

Kf = filtration coefficient = how “holey” the glomerular membrane is

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Extrinsic regulation of GFR?

A

Sympathetic control via barocreceptor reflex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Autoregulation of GFR? (intrinsic)

A
  • Myogenic mechanism

- Tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What happens if the afferent arteriole constricts?

A

Blood pressure of the glomerular capillary will fall and the GFR will decrease

17
Q

What prevents short term changes in systemic arterial pressure affecting GFR?

A

Autoregulation prevents short term changes in systemic arterial pressure affecting GFR

  • myogenic
  • tubuloglomerular feedback
18
Q

Myogenic

A

If vascular smooth muscle is stretched (i.e. arterial pressure is increased), it contracts thus constricting the arteriole

19
Q

Tubuloglomerular feedback mechanism

A

Mechanism remains unclear (involves juxtaglomerular apparatus)
If GFR rises, more NaCl flows through the tubule leading to constriction of afferent arterioles

20
Q

Which structure senses NaCl content of tubular fluid?

A

Macula densa

21
Q

What might cause the Bowman capsule fluid pressure to rise? and what would the effect be on the GFR?

A

Kidney stone would cause the Bowman’s capsule fluid pressure to increase and this would cause GFR to decrease

22
Q

What could increase capillary oncotic pressure and what would the effect be on the GFR?

A

Diarrhoea would cause an increase in the capillary oncotic pressure and this would cause a decrease in GFR

23
Q

What could cause capillary oncotic pressure to fall and what effect would this have on GFR?

A

Severely burned patients will have a lower capilary oncotic pressure and this will cause an increase in glomerular filtration pressure

24
Q

Decrease in Kf (change in surface area available for filtration) and effect on GFR?

A

GFR would decrease (remember this is how “holey” the glomerular membrane is)

25
Q

Volume of plasma completely cleared of a particular substance per minute

A

Plasma clearance

26
Q

Name a substance where clearance = GFR

A

Inulin

  • Therefore, inulin clearance can be used clinically to determine GFR
  • creatinine clearance can be used instead of inulin
27
Q

Roughly what colume of inulin-free plasma is returned to the circulation per minute?

A

125ml inulin-free plasma is returned to the circulation per minute

28
Q

Clearance of glucose?

A

0
Glucose is filtered and completely reabsorbed (clearance = 0)
Clearance = 0 also applies to a substance that is not filtered and not secreted

29
Q

Clearance in relation to GFR for filtered substances that are partly reabsorbed and not secreted? (e.g. urea)

A

Clearance < GFR

-only a portion of the plasma is cleared

30
Q

For substances which are filtered, secreted but NOT reabsorbed (e.g. H+)

A

All of the filtered plasma is cleared of a substance, and the peritubular plasma from which the substance is secreted, is also cleared

31
Q

Renal plasma flow ml/min?

A

Renal plasma flow = 650 ml/min

32
Q

PAH

A

Para-amino hippuric acid

33
Q

What is used to measure renal plasma flow?

A

Para-amino hippuric acid

34
Q

Substances used as clearance markers should have which properties?

A

(1) Non-toxic
(2) Inert (i.e. not metabolised)
(3) Easy to measure

35
Q

A GFR marker should be filtered freely and what else?

A

A GFR marker should be filtered freely; NOT secreted or reabsorbed

36
Q

A RPF marker should be filtered and what else?

A

A ROF marker should be filtered and completely secreted

37
Q

How to calculate filtration fraction?

A

GFR/RPF

38
Q

What is the filtration fraction?

A

The fraction of plasma flowing through the glomeruli that is filtered into the tubules

Renal (44 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions