Physiology 2

Question 1

Which organ secreted erythropoietin?

Answer 1

Kidneys

erythropoietin controls production of red blood cells

Question 2

Conversion of vitamin D into active form: what and where?

Answer 2

Kidney converts vitamin D into active form (calcitriol)

Question 3

The functional unit of the kidney

Answer 3

The nephron

Question 4

Functional mechanisms of the kidney?

Answer 4

Filtration
Reabsorption
Secretion

Question 5

Which part of the kidney is the loop of henle situated?

Answer 5

Renal medulla

Question 6

The two types of nephron?

Answer 6

Juxtamedullary (20%)

Cortical (80%)

Question 7

Podocytes

Answer 7

Inner layer of Bowman’s capsule

Question 8

Basic renal processes

Answer 8

Glomerular filtration
Tubular reabsorption
Tubular secretion

Question 9

What percentage of plasma that enters the glomerulus is filtered?

Answer 9

Only 20% of the plasma that enters the glomerulus is filtered
The other 80% is not filteres and leaves through the efferent arteriole

Question 10

Rate of excretion

Answer 10

Rate of excretion = rate of filtration + rate of secretion - rate of reabsorption

Question 11

Rate of filtration of X =

Answer 11

Rate of filtration of X = [X]plasma x GFR

Question 12

Rate of excretion of X =

Answer 12

Rate of excretion of X = [X] urine x Vu

Vu = urine flow rate

Question 13

Rate of reabsorption

Answer 13

Rate of reabsorption = rate of filtration - rate of excretion

Question 14

What does it mean if rate of filtration < rate of excretion?

Answer 14

If rate of filtration < rate of excretion, net secretion of the substance has occured

Question 15

How to calculate rate of excretion?

Answer 15

Rate of secretion = rate of excretion - rate of filtration

Question 16

Talk to me about tubular modification

Answer 16

Rate of filtration (1) and rate of excretion (2) are relatively easy to measure.
Rates of reabsorption (3) and secretion (4) reflect tubular modification of filtrate: obtained as the difference between filtration and excretion