Physiological Flashcards
the process of messages passing through a neuron’s dendrite and through the axon is called
conduction
whenever the stimulation received by a neuron exceeds a given threshold, the resulting action potential will ALWAYS be of the SAME INTENSITY….this is the _________ principle
all or nothing
in contrast to the electrical conduction within a neuron, the transmission of information from one nerve cell to another is called
synaptic transmission
An autoimmune disorder that attacks Ach that results in profound skeletal weakness
Myasthenia
Brain region associated to Tourette’s
caudate nucleus
Brain region associated to Parkinson’s
substantia nigra
Elevated levels of the neurotransmitter _______ contribute to schizophrenia, autism, anorexia
seratonin
This NT has an important role in learning and memory, and more importantly long-term potentiation
Glutamate
excessive levels of glutamate can lead to ______, which can lead to seizures and stroke-related brain damage
excitotoxicity
These NTs provide pain relief and have analgesic properties
endorphins
What are the Nervous Systems within the Peripheral Nervous System?
Somatic
Autonomic –> sympathetic/parasympathetic
The brain is made up of 3 main parts, called:
Hindbrain, midbrain, forebrain
Hindbrain consists of the
pons, medulla, cerebellum
Midbrain consists of the
Superior and Inferior Colliculi
Substantia Nigra
Reticular Formation/RAS
Forebrain consists of
Subcortical Structures and the Cerebral Cortex
What are the Subcortical Structures within the forebrain?
T - Thalamus H - Hypothalamus B - Basal Ganglia A - Amygdala H - Hippocampus
The ______ horns carry _____ messages, also known as ____ messages.
dorsal, sensory, afferent
The ______ horns carry _____ messages, also known as ____ messages.
ventral, motor, efferent
dorsal horns = _____ messages
afferent (sensory)
efferent (motor) messages = ______ horns
ventral
The spinal cord is broken into ___ segments that are broken into ___ groups. The groups are:
31 segments, 5 groups
cervical, thoracic, lumbar, sacral, coccygeal
Joe injures his spinal cord and some sensation and movement below the injury are maintained. This is an example of what kind of injury?
incompete injury
Joe injures his spinal cord and lacks sensation and motor functions below the injury. This is an example of what kind of injury?
complete injury
The meninges is made of the
Pia, Arachnoid, Dura