Pharmacology

Question 1

Treatment for Syphilis

Answer 1

Penicillin G

Question 2

Penicillin G & V Tx

Answer 2

G(+) - S. pneumo, S. agalactiae, S. pyogenes, Spirochetes, Actinomyces, Clostridium, Listeria, Bacillus, Neisseria

Question 3

S/E of Penicillin

Answer 3

HSN, Hemolytic anemia, Thrombocytopenia

Question 4

Penicillinase-Resistant Abx’s?

Answer 4

Methicillin, Nafcillin, Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin

Question 5

Penicillinase-Resistant Abx MOA

Answer 5

bulky R group blocks beta-lactamase from cleaving beta-lactam ring
Alteration of PCP site

Question 6

Penicillinase-Resistant Abx S/E

Answer 6

HSN

Question 7

Penicillinase-Resistant Abx Tx

Answer 7

S. aureus

Question 8

MRSA resistance is acquired via

Answer 8

PCP alteration

Question 9

Ampicillin & Amoxicillin provide coverage for what agents

Answer 9

G(+) + “HELPSS”

Haemophilus influenzae, Enterococci, Listeria, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella, Shigella

Question 10

Which is given orally & which IV, Ampicillin & Amoxicillin?

Answer 10

Amoxicillin (oral)

Ampicillin (IV)

Question 11

Ampicillin & Amoxicillin S/E

Answer 11

HSN, Rash from mononucleosis

Question 12

B-lactamase Inhibitors (3)

Answer 12

Clavulanic Acid, Sulbactam, Tazobactam

Question 13

Anti-Pseudomonals (3)

Answer 13

Ticarcillin, Carbenicillin, Piperacillin

Question 14

Most neonatal infections can be treated w/

Answer 14

Ampicillin (Listeria, E. coli coverage)

Question 15

Tx for Acid Reflux w/ S/E of gynecomastia

Answer 15

Cimetidine

Question 16

Ondansetron MOA

Answer 16

blocks 5-HT-3 receptors in periphery and centrally (vagal stimulation, area postrema and CRTZ)

Question 17

Ondansetron Uses

Answer 17

anti-emetic for post-operative or chemo-induced emesis

Question 18

5-FU is used mainly to Tx

Answer 18

Colon Cancer

Question 19

5-FU S/E

Answer 19

pancytopenia (myelosuppression)

Question 20

5-FU is most effective when given w/

Answer 20

Leucovorin

Question 21

NSAID commonly given parenterally

Answer 21

Ketorolac

Question 22

Flutamide MOA

Answer 22

anti-androgen receptor

Question 23

Essential tremors (b/l UE tremor, worsen as intention tremor) is treated primarily w/

Answer 23

non-selective beta-blocker

Question 24

Demeclocycline Uses

Answer 24

Tetracycline

SIADH (ADH receptor blocker)

Question 25

Quinidine S/E

Answer 25

Torsades de Pointe (prolonged QT) | Cinchonism (HA, tinnitus, visual disturbance, etc)

Question 26

Ketoconazole S/E

Answer 26

gynecomastia, decreased libido

Question 27

Ketoconazole MOA

Answer 27

inhibition of ergosterol synthesis, amenorrhea

Question 28

DES S/E

Answer 28

in female offspring --> T-shaped uterus, transverse vaginal septum, risk of clear cell adenocarcinoma

Question 29

Finasteride MOA

Answer 29

5-alpha-reductase inhibitor

Question 30

Finasteride Uses

Answer 30

BPH

Question 31

Which NRTI causes anemia + reticulocytopenia

Answer 31

Zidovudine

Question 32

Cisplatin S/E

Answer 32

Ototoxicity & Nephrotoxicity

Question 33

Methacholine Use

Answer 33

Challenge test in the diagnosis of asthma

Question 34

Misoprostol Use

Answer 34

Stimulate mucin & bicarbonate production in gastric cells

Question 35

Acyclovir MOA

Answer 35

activated by phosphorylation by viral thymidine kinase --> inhibition of viral DNA synthesis by inhibiting DNA pol

Question 36

Which drugs are used prior to surgical resection of pheochromocytoma?

Answer 36

alpha-1 & -2 blockers

Question 37

Phenoxybenzamine

Answer 37

alpha-1 & -2 blockers used prior to pheochromocytoma resection

Question 38

Olanzepine Drug Class

Answer 38

Atypical antipsychotic

Question 39

Olanzepine S/E

Answer 39

weight gain, DM-II, glycosylated Hgb

Question 40

Olanzepine MOA

Answer 40

partial DA antagonist & partial 5-HT antagonist

Question 41

non-Sulfa Loop Diuretic

Answer 41

Ethacrynic Acid

Question 42

Exenatide S/E

Answer 42

hypoglycemia & acute pancreatitis

Question 43

Exenatide MOA

Answer 43

acts on GLP-1 pancreatic receptors to induce Insulin secretion

Question 44

Exenatide Use

Answer 44

DM-II

Question 45

Pioglitazone MOA

Answer 45

PPAR-gamma agonist -> increased tissue sensitivity to insulin

Question 46

Pioglitazone S/E

Answer 46

edema, weight gain, CHF

Question 47

Metformin MOA

Answer 47

decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis & increased tissue sensitivity to insulin

Question 48

Metformin S/E

Answer 48

GI Sx, Lactic Acidosis (esp in pts w/ renal failure)

Question 49

Vancomycin S/E

Answer 49

"NOT" Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity, Thrombophlebitis | "Red Man Syndrome" release of histamine

Question 50

Gray Baby Syndrome

Answer 50

Chloramphenicol

Question 51

Gray Man Syndrome

Answer 51

Amiodarone

Question 52

Bromocriptine MOA

Answer 52

DA agonist

Question 53

Metoclopramide MOA

Answer 53

DA antagonist

Question 54

Metoclopramide S/E

Answer 54

hyperprolactinemia

Question 55

Medications commonly associated w/ SJS?

Answer 55

NSAIDs Allopurinol Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, barbiturates, anticonvulsants sulfa antibiotics