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DIT > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Treatment for Syphilis

A

Penicillin G

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2
Q

Penicillin G & V Tx

A

G(+) - S. pneumo, S. agalactiae, S. pyogenes, Spirochetes, Actinomyces, Clostridium, Listeria, Bacillus, Neisseria

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3
Q

S/E of Penicillin

A

HSN, Hemolytic anemia, Thrombocytopenia

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4
Q

Penicillinase-Resistant Abx’s?

A

Methicillin, Nafcillin, Oxacillin, Dicloxacillin

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5
Q

Penicillinase-Resistant Abx MOA

A

bulky R group blocks beta-lactamase from cleaving beta-lactam ring
Alteration of PCP site

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6
Q

Penicillinase-Resistant Abx S/E

A

HSN

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7
Q

Penicillinase-Resistant Abx Tx

A

S. aureus

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8
Q

MRSA resistance is acquired via

A

PCP alteration

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9
Q

Ampicillin & Amoxicillin provide coverage for what agents

A

G(+) + “HELPSS”

Haemophilus influenzae, Enterococci, Listeria, Proteus mirabilis, Salmonella, Shigella

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10
Q

Which is given orally & which IV, Ampicillin & Amoxicillin?

A

Amoxicillin (oral)

Ampicillin (IV)

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11
Q

Ampicillin & Amoxicillin S/E

A

HSN, Rash from mononucleosis

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12
Q

B-lactamase Inhibitors (3)

A

Clavulanic Acid, Sulbactam, Tazobactam

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13
Q

Anti-Pseudomonals (3)

A

Ticarcillin, Carbenicillin, Piperacillin

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14
Q

Most neonatal infections can be treated w/

A

Ampicillin (Listeria, E. coli coverage)

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15
Q

Tx for Acid Reflux w/ S/E of gynecomastia

A

Cimetidine

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16
Q

Ondansetron MOA

A

blocks 5-HT-3 receptors in periphery and centrally (vagal stimulation, area postrema and CRTZ)

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17
Q

Ondansetron Uses

A

anti-emetic for post-operative or chemo-induced emesis

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18
Q

5-FU is used mainly to Tx

A

Colon Cancer

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19
Q

5-FU S/E

A

pancytopenia (myelosuppression)

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20
Q

5-FU is most effective when given w/

A

Leucovorin

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21
Q

NSAID commonly given parenterally

A

Ketorolac

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22
Q

Flutamide MOA

A

anti-androgen receptor

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23
Q

Essential tremors (b/l UE tremor, worsen as intention tremor) is treated primarily w/

A

non-selective beta-blocker

24
Q

Demeclocycline Uses

A

Tetracycline

SIADH (ADH receptor blocker)

25
Q

Quinidine S/E

A

Torsades de Pointe (prolonged QT)

Cinchonism (HA, tinnitus, visual disturbance, etc)

26
Q

Ketoconazole S/E

A

gynecomastia, decreased libido

27
Q

Ketoconazole MOA

A

inhibition of ergosterol synthesis, amenorrhea

28
Q

DES S/E

A

in female offspring –> T-shaped uterus, transverse vaginal septum, risk of clear cell adenocarcinoma

29
Q

Finasteride MOA

A

5-alpha-reductase inhibitor

30
Q

Finasteride Uses

A

BPH

31
Q

Which NRTI causes anemia + reticulocytopenia

A

Zidovudine

32
Q

Cisplatin S/E

A

Ototoxicity & Nephrotoxicity

33
Q

Methacholine Use

A

Challenge test in the diagnosis of asthma

34
Q

Misoprostol Use

A

Stimulate mucin & bicarbonate production in gastric cells

35
Q

Acyclovir MOA

A

activated by phosphorylation by viral thymidine kinase –> inhibition of viral DNA synthesis by inhibiting DNA pol

36
Q

Which drugs are used prior to surgical resection of pheochromocytoma?

A

alpha-1 & -2 blockers

37
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

alpha-1 & -2 blockers used prior to pheochromocytoma resection

38
Q

Olanzepine Drug Class

A

Atypical antipsychotic

39
Q

Olanzepine S/E

A

weight gain, DM-II, glycosylated Hgb

40
Q

Olanzepine MOA

A

partial DA antagonist & partial 5-HT antagonist

41
Q

non-Sulfa Loop Diuretic

A

Ethacrynic Acid

42
Q

Exenatide S/E

A

hypoglycemia & acute pancreatitis

43
Q

Exenatide MOA

A

acts on GLP-1 pancreatic receptors to induce Insulin secretion

44
Q

Exenatide Use

A

DM-II

45
Q

Pioglitazone MOA

A

PPAR-gamma agonist -> increased tissue sensitivity to insulin

46
Q

Pioglitazone S/E

A

edema, weight gain, CHF

47
Q

Metformin MOA

A

decreases hepatic gluconeogenesis & increased tissue sensitivity to insulin

48
Q

Metformin S/E

A

GI Sx, Lactic Acidosis (esp in pts w/ renal failure)

49
Q

Vancomycin S/E

A

“NOT” Nephrotoxicity, Ototoxicity, Thrombophlebitis

“Red Man Syndrome” release of histamine

50
Q

Gray Baby Syndrome

A

Chloramphenicol

51
Q

Gray Man Syndrome

A

Amiodarone

52
Q

Bromocriptine MOA

A

DA agonist

53
Q

Metoclopramide MOA

A

DA antagonist

54
Q

Metoclopramide S/E

A

hyperprolactinemia

55
Q

Medications commonly associated w/ SJS?

A

NSAIDs
Allopurinol
Phenytoin, Carbamazepine, barbiturates, anticonvulsants
sulfa antibiotics

DIT (22 decks)

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