Pharmaceutical Powders Flashcards
1
Q
Pharmaceutical powders
A
- Dusting powder
- Oral powder sachet
- Powder for reconstitution
- Inhalation products
- Bulk powders for tablets and capsules
2
Q
Crystalline
A
- Sucrose molecules align and
form large ‘lattices’ of
molecules, with a regular
repeating structure (high stable) - Cool slowly to below melting point
- Melt ↔ freeze
3
Q
Amorphous
A
- Molecules of a different size and shape get in the way of the sucrose molecules and stop crystals forming
- Rapid solidification
- Increase solubility and dissolution rate
- Glassy ↔ rubbery
4
Q
Polymorphism
A
- Different molecular packing
arrangements in crystal lattice - Form I - staggered
- Form II - linear
5
Q
X-ray diffraction
A
- Each crystal has a characteristic pattern of diffraction angles and
intensity of the diffracted
beam
6
Q
Comparison of x-ray differaction amorphous vs crystalline vs polymorphic
A
- High intensity narrow peaks for crysalline
- Lots of peaks and dips for polymorphic
- Low intensity broad peak for amorphous
7
Q
What happens when water is present in crystal lattice
hydrated
A
- Due to small molecular size
of water and multidirectional hydrogen bonding capability of water - Anhydrous = no water
8
Q
What happens when If solvents are present in
the crystal lattice
A
- DMSO
- Ethanol converting into ethanolate
9
Q
Hydrate example
A
- Each tablet contains lisinopril dihydrate equivalent to 10 mg anhydrous lisinopril
10
Q
Salt form effect on solubility
A
- Increase solubility and dissolution rate of acidic and basic drugs
11
Q
Salt form example
A
- Amlodipine besilate
equivalent to 10 mg of amlodipine
12
Q
Co-crystals
A
- Two or more molecules within the same
crystal lattice - Definite stoichiometric ratio which is not based on covalent bond
13
Q
Example of co-crystals
A
- Sidenafil and aspirin combination treatment of both erectyle disfunction and antiplatelet
14
Q
Primary power properties
A
- Particle size surface area and shape
- Content uniformity, dissolution rate and flow mix rate
15
Q
Secondary powder properties
A
- Density determines size of tablet
- Porosity - compressiblity and perameablity
- Flowability and compressability
