Hyperlipidaemia Flashcards
1
Q
Lipid modification
A
- Reduction of CVD which is caused by blood clots
2
Q
Atherosclerosis
A
- Build up of fatty deposits in artery causing it to narrow restrict flow and harden not elastic
3
Q
Cardiovascular conditions caused by atherosclerosis
A
- CHD
- Stroke
- Transient ischaemic attack
- Peripheral arterial disease
4
Q
Primary prevention Cardiovascular events
A
- Alter modifiable risks and reduce incidence in disease free individual
- CVD risk review ongoing over 40
- Q risk analysis
5
Q
Secondary prevention
A
- Use strategies to target individuals that have an event use statin
6
Q
Healthy level cholesterol
A
5mmol/L or below
Total HDL less then 6
7
Q
Formal risk assessment
A
- QRISK 3 for patient aged 25-84 with type 2 diabetes
- Do not do risk assessment for high risk CVD and type 1 diabetes
- May underestimate risk if previous HIV or recent smoke quit
8
Q
When do you use 3-lifetime assessment
A
- Cardiovascular risk under 10% or under 40 with CVD
9
Q
Pharmacological treatment
A
- Discuss with patients the risks and benefits
- Aim of treatment is to achieve a greater than 40%
reduction in non-HDL-C levels
10
Q
Baseline Tests
A
- Non-fasting lipid profile
- Liver function test
- Renal function and GFR rate
- Creatine kinase - due to muscle pain
- Thyroid test
11
Q
Starting recommendation for satins
A
- 20mg of Atorvastatin
- if ages 84 and younger with 10% QRISK
- Give anyway if having type 1 diabetes
- Chronic kidney disease no requirement for QRISK
12
Q
Secondary prevention pharmacological treatment
A
- 80mg Atorvastatin give for those who had a heart attack, angina and stroke.
13
Q
Family Hyperlipidemia
A
- Inherit high cholesterol present from birth developing CVD
14
Q
Clinical signs and hypercholesterolemia
A
- Tendon xanthoma (ankle bulge)
- Xanthelasmas eye lids skin flaky
- Corneal arcus - white ring around eye
15
Q
Children Familial hyperlipidaemia
A
- Usually start at lower dose from age of 10
