Immunology of Infectious Diseases Flashcards
1
A
- Eliminate ‘foreign’
material and minimise any damage that may be caused
2
Q
Innate immune response
A
- Non-specific response not intrinsically effected by prior contact with infectious agent
3
Q
Adaptive immune responses which is aquired
A
- Respose highly specific recognition and immunological memory specific during second exposure
- Humoral immunity involving antibodies
- Cell-mediated immunity T cells
- Amplify focused on sites
4
Q
Leukocytes
A
- T cells, B cells/plasma cells (produces antibodies) and NK cells
5
Q
Accessory cells
A
- Monocytes/ macrophage - responisble for clearing infection
- Neutrophils
- Esinophils
- Basophils
- Mast cells
6
Q
Innate immune response
A
- Defenses against entry of microoganism
- Commensal microoganisms, physical barrier, secreation
7
Q
Phagocytic cells
A
- Mediates when barriers are penetrated
- Macrophage initiated
- Neutrophils
- Natural killer cells cytotoxic for tumor or host cell infected virus
8
Q
Complement cascade
A
- 20 protiens
- Pro-enzymes requiring proteolytic cleavage to become more active - amplify
- Occour at localised sites
- Significantly effect C3 and C5-C9 (innate stimmulate alternate pathway)
- C3 Significant to oxidise binding of complement protien to surface of microbes
9
Q
Significance of C5-C9
A
- Bind to microbial membrance induces pore making permiable
- Causing the cell to lyse
- Deficincy of pathway increase susceptibillity to infection
10
Q
Adaptive response
A
- Humoral immune system
- B cells involved in production of antibodies
- Primary response - Memory cells form plasma cells more quickly
11
Q
T cell mediated response
A
- T cell mediated during primary adaptive immune response
- Memory T cells and effector T cells - secondary response
- Helper T cell - secrete cytokines that regulate including macrophages and other T cells
- Helper T cell 2 secreate cytokines act on B cells drive differentiation into plasma cell
12
Q
Cytotoxic T cells
A
- Target cells that are virus-infected by inducing apoptosis.
- Killing cell before the virus can complete its replication cycle results in the production of no infectious particles.
13
Q
Pathogens bacteria vs virus
A
- Bacteria leads to inflammation outside
- Virus replicate inside host and bursts takes over metabolism kills cell
14
Q
Structural difference between bacteria and virus
A
- Bacteria surrounded by call wall
- Viruses are not cells nucleic acid core with protien coat
15
Q
Suceptibility of drugs bacteria vs Virus
A
- Bacteria most can be killed by antibiotics
- Virus cannot be killed by bacteria but inhibited by antiviral
