Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

PMP 201 Patient-Centred Learning > Infection prevention and control > Flashcards

Infection prevention and control Flashcards

1
Q

What is infection prevention

A
  • Prevents patients and
    health workers from being harmed by avoidable infection and antimicrobial stewardship
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does infection control include

A
  • Vaccination against
    preventable diseases and antibiotic prophylaxis for surgical
    procedures and recurrent infections
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Antimicrobial resistance

A
  • Prevent infections slows antimicrobial resistance
  • Slow the prescribing of antibiotic drugs
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How is infection spread

A
  • Microrganism enter body increase number and cause a reaction in the body
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Three things which necessary for infection to occour

A
  • Places where micro-organisms live
  • Way for micro-organisms to enter the body
  • Way microorganism enter the body and are moved to susceptiable person
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Sources

A
  • Healthcare workers
  • Visitors and household members
  • Surfaces
  • Indwelling medical devices
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Susceptible person

A
  • Not vaccinated person weakened immune system
  • Microoganism ever via body and invade tissues, multiply, and cause a reaction
  • IV catheters and surgical incisions can provide an entryway
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Transmission

A
  • Moved to susceptiable person perople and medical equipment
  • Touching spray, splashing, sharps injuries
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Contact spread

A
  • Move by touch
  • MRSA - RESISTANCE to fluconazole ,
    C.difficile - Lives in flora disrupt then causes disease
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Droplet respiratory spread

A
  • Coughs or sneezes, creating droplets which carry micro-organisms short distances
  • Land on persons eyes nose and mouth 2m distance
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Aerosol Respiratory Spread

A
  • Tiny particles that survive on air currents over great
    distances
  • Stay in air TB and measels cough, talk, or sneeze micro-organisms into the air
  • aerosolized by medical equipment e.g. ventilation, CPAP, CPR
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

PPE of contact

A

Handwashing
Gloves and Aprons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Droplet PPE

A
  • Fluid resistant surgical mask
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Aerosol

A
  • FFP3 mask and eye protection
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Correct use of gloves

A
  • Single use gloves - clean
  • Make sure it fits correctly and remove gloves once task is complete
  • Avoid touching edges
  • clean hands after
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define

Standard Precautions

A
  • They protect healthcare providers from infection and prevent the spread of infection from patient to patient
17
Q

Transmission-Based Precautions

A
  • Addition to Standard Precautions for patients who may be infected or colonized with certain infectious agents
  • PPE provided
18
Q

Standard precautions examples

A
  • Hand hygiene
  • Bare below the elbow
  • Follow respiratory hygiene / cough etiquette principles
  • PPE if handling potentially infectious material e.g. body fluids
  • Cleaning and disinfecting equipment and the environment
    appropriately
  • Proper handling of needles and other sharps
19
Q

5 moments of hand hygine

A
  • Before touching patient
  • Clean before aseptic procedure
  • After body fluid exosure risk
  • After touching patiient surroundings
20
Q

Healthcare associated infection

A
  • As any infection acquired in relation to the delivery of healthcare in
    its widest sense in GP and hospital
21
Q

Clostridium difficile

A
  • Causes infection when the guts normal flora is disrupted or if immunocompromised - previous treatmen using antibiotics
  • Toxins damage lining of colon - diarrhoea to perforation of
    the colon, sepsis and death
  • Spores spead in the hospital setting
22
Q

Screening for resistant organisms

A
  • High risk are screened
  • Mangement for patient that is colonised by resistant organism
  • Antibiotic therapy may also need to be adjusted to ensure that treatment given cover this additional resistance
23
Q

Screening of MRSA

A

Nose, throat, groin + any wounds

24
Q

GRE and CPO screening

A
  • Use a rectal swab
25
Q

Decolonisation

A
  • Positive MRSA use decolonisation therapy
  • Nasal decolonisation disinfect hair and skin for 5 days
  • Re-screened and decolonisation repeated reduce the risk of spread of resistant organisms
26
Q

Cleaning and decontamination

A
  • Regular cleaning and disinfecting surfaces vital
  • Stethoscopes should also be
    decontaminated between patients
27
Q

Medical devices

A
  • Urinary catheters and IV lines provides route for infetion to enter
  • Remove ASAPto decrease risk
  • Switch from IV to oral when required
28
Q

Isolation

A
  • Nurse patient is single rooms
  • Priority risk in indavidual rooms or barrier nursed in bays instead
  • Don and Doff appropriately
29
Q

Vaccinations

A
  • Available against many viral and bacterial infections
  • Children MMR and meningitis vaccines
30
Q

Pneumococcal vaccination

A
  • Streptococcus pneumoniae pathogen meningitis, sepsis and pneumonia
    • Given to childhood and risk groups
31
Q

Antibiotic prophylaxis

A
  • Given to cover surgical
    procedures where there is potential for contamination
  • Reduces reoccouring infections such as UTIs
32
Q

Surgical prophylaxis

A
  • Antibotics given via IV before operations repeated doses are given for long operations or
    if there is significant blood loss
33
Q

UTI or cellulitis Antibiotic prophylaxis

A
  • Low daily dose of antibiotics used for a limited period to break cycle of infection
  • Improve underlying factors

PMP 201 Patient-Centred Learning (51 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions