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pharma Flashcards

1
Q

gabapentin

A

1.Anitepileptic
2. neuropathic pain

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2
Q

side effects of statins

A

LIPiTOR

Liver
increased blood sugar
pain (muscles)
impaired memory
tireness
rhabdomyalsis

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3
Q

what are neuroleptics

A

another name for antipsychotics

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4
Q

alpha blockers

A

relax the walls of blood vessels (used in hypertension)

also used in BPH to relax the bladder

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5
Q

doxazosin

A

alpha blcoker

  • bph
    -hypertension
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6
Q

amytryptaline and side effects
class

A
  1. pain
  2. migraine prophylaxis
  3. depression

can make you feel sleepy

TCA- so reputakes seratonin and noradrenaline
no longer 1st line for depression because more risks if overdose expcept if there is sever depression

TCA
- dry mouth
- constipation
- problems vision
- -drowsiness -
- excessive sweating esp at night
- weight gain
- palpitations, tachy

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7
Q

antimuscurunics are

side effects

A

drugs against the parasympathetic nervous sytstem

dry mouth
blurry vission
tachy
urinary retention

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8
Q

why is Seratonin syndrome so dangerouse

A

due to hyperthemia leading to multiorgan failure

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9
Q

side effects of opiods

A
  1. constipation
  2. vomitting
  3. itchiness
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10
Q

cocaine effects

A

hypertension
hyperthemia
myadriasis
tachy - arrythmias
sweating
increased foro stroke(hemorrhagic)
NOSEBLEEDS - vasoconstirctss vessels of nose

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11
Q
A
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11
Q

dosage of normal paracetomol max

A

500mg (8x)
1 gram (4 x)

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12
Q

CI for metfromin

A

kindey/liver impairment

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12
Q

side effecst of metformin

A

tummy upset, vomiting, diarrhea
metallic
b12 deficiency - paraesthesia, cramps
lactic acidosis! glossy big tongue, ulcers

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12
Q
A
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13
Q
A
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14
Q

main problem with a paracetomol overdose

A

liver failure due to NAPQI

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15
Q

zoplicone info

A

for insomnia
short term (2-4 weeks) cos looses effect and can become tolerant

bitter taste in mouth/metalic/dry ,outh
sleepy through day
cant take with alcohol because makes you in a deeep sleep

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16
Q

buscopan

A

spasmolyic

decreases pain

abdo paain- stomach cramps
common for IBS AND CHOLECYSTIS

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17
Q

clonidine

A

vasodilator

  1. hypertension
  2. migraine prevention
  3. menopause (treat hot flashes)
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18
Q

TXA

A

used for heavy bleeding

inidcations
nosebleeds, heavy periods , if you have heridary angioedema

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19
Q

BB SIDE EFFECTS

A
  1. hypotension too much
  2. nightmares
  3. bronchoconstriction (narrowing of bronchi )
  4. cold hands and feet
  5. loss of libido/impotence
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20
Q

flecainide

A

used in tachy to bring down HR

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21
Q

WHATS TO BE MINDFUL OFF WHEN TAKING WARFARIN

A
  1. taking cranberry juice and grapefruit juice (increases the amount of the drug as it inhibits the cytochrome)
  2. alcohol ( be minful)
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22
amiodarone indications SIDE EFFECT
1. used in arrythmias like AF class 3 :( . pulmonary fibrosis gum problems corneal deposits photosensitive skin blue/grey skin
23
whats the cut off point for weight in paracetomol
51 kg used when you want to presribe IV paracetool
24
how long do you wait to take paractol dose
minimum 4 h
25
signs of paracetol overdoese
liver : jaundice, abdo pain n+v can sometimes affect the kidneys too, usually at the samem time as liver if its to happen and cause hematuria, proteinuria. liver problems happen first and its quite uncommon but can progress to kidney too. metabolic acidosis can cause low blood sugar (which can cause sweatinf as a sign) remeber a normal side effect of paracteomol is sweating as it overstimulate sthe sweat glands
26
is aspirin an ndais how does it work
yes its a tpe antiplatelet
27
side effect of aspirin
can sometimes cause wheezing in people with asthma (nsaid) bleeding indigestion reyes syndrome so you always ask a person if they have asthma and if they have ulcers!! NB
28
examples of antiplatelets
aspirin ticagrelor prasugrel clopidogrel
29
Carbimaxole and something important about it
Treats hyperthyroidism Can cause bm suppression
30
Side effects of steroids
1. Bruising 2. Stria 3. Moon face and buffalo 4. Psychiatric / depression,anxiety 5. Osteoporosis 6..hyperglycaemia 7. Hypertension 8. Retardation of growth in kids 9. Immunosuppressive 10. Cataracts and glaucoma 11. Hiritusim 12. Ulcers (if taking withnsaids ) 13. Obsesity central
31
Feleicaniade
Antiarrythmic drug used in a fib
32
Acetazolamide
1. Used in glaucoma 2. Diuretic
33
Topimerate
1. Anti epileptic 2. Migraines prophylactic
34
CI for triptans
Anything affecting vessels cardiovascular History of stroke PVD Rauymaurds Uncontrolled hypertension
35
Management of an acute migraine
Tripton, with a painkiller, such as paracetamol or NAD because Tripton on painkillers in themselves, they just helped to widen the blood vessels
36
What is the medical prophylaxis for a migraine?
1st line - bb propanol or amitriptiline or topimerate (child bearing ages women )/valproate
37
What is the medical prophylaxis for a migraine?
1st line - bb propanol or amitriptiline or topimerate (child bearing ages women )/valproate
38
Meds for back pain
NSAIDs like diclofenac Muscle relaxants like diazepam (benzo) Severe- opioids like coeidene and morphine Antidepressants for nerve pain like sciatica amitryptilane/gabapaentin Steroid injections Topical Voltarol (is a nsaid ) Lidocaine bridges
39
Can you take paracetamol and ibuprofen together
Yes
40
flumazenil
benzo antidote
41
examples of antiemetics
cycalizne domperidone metoclopramide
42
haloperidol
antipsychotic
43
moa of digoxin CI
inhibits na K pump so now sodium and calcium increases intracellularly and potassium extracellularly because ca increases that increases contractility VF AND acute MI
44
Theurepetuic range digoxin
narrow so that why we moniot levels - electrolytes - kidney function
44
side effects of digoxin
rash dizziness (as it does lower hr and bp) gi upset vison problems can worsen the arrythmia we take the side effecs very seriously as its a potent drug
45
digoxin toxicity risk factors
basically the same side effects as normal digoxin which is why we take any side effect serioulsy as we have to ascertain. l so naseau, rash, bradccardia HYPO kalemia increases risk of toxcity decreased kidney function so elderly (100 percent excreted by kidney)
46
is aspirin a blood thinner
no
47
bleeding risk between antiplatelets and DOACS
antiplatelts pose less of a risk than doacs however GI bleeing is increased (ulcers bleeding)
48
aspirin vs doacs vs
aspirin is less effctive in preventing clots forming DOACS MORE EFFECTIVE need to revise more consfued
49
when we talk about bleeding risk with blood thinners what do we actually mean
primarily its the brain and the GUT
50
BB CI
HYPOTENSION BRADYCARDIA HERART FAILURE - depends? (decompensated) PVD (makes it worse) Asthma/copd
51
flecanide whats its used for
AF anti arrythmics but NB only used with structural nomral hearts
52
tramadol
is an opiod and a SNRI (so risk of seratonin syndrome)
53
drug interactions statins
macrolides can react increaeing the risk of rhabdomyalis
54
indications for benzoz
1. status epilepticus 2. relax muscles 3. aneatheisa (depresses your consciousness, relax your muscles and also cause ammensia 4. stiff person syndrome (relaxes muscles) 5. alcohol withdrawl or benzo widthrawal 6. insomia
55
what drug is often used to calm somone down if delerius agitated
haloperidol benzos
56
side effects of parkinosn drugs
LEVADOPA- tardive dyskinesis dopamine agonists, cabergoline eg. can casue impulsivity like gambling, shopping, foods
57
relationship between dopamine and prolcatin
dopamine is inhibitory on prolcatine so low levels can cause galactorrhea
58
what kind of drugs are used in parkinsons
1. dopamine agonists 2. MAO - stop the breakdonw of the dopamine 3. anticholinergics
59
what drugs to calm somoene down is CI in parkinsons
haloperidol as it increases the effects of parkinonism
60
what antiemetic can we give in PD
domperidone
61
suddenly stopping PD drugs risks what
NEUROLEPTIC MALIGANNT SYDROME - usually caused by anitspyhcotics (increasing the amount of dopamine) but if you suddenly stop levodopa or dopamine agonists can also trugger
62
what drug do we give for an acute attack of GCA
60 mg pred taper off very very slowly usally over 1/2 years as relapses can occur
63
What is an appropriate action with regards to the dose of Prednisolone in the context of a co-existent infection during the tapering regime?
in co-existing infections, the steroid dose should be either maintained or increased until the infection is cleared before resuming the tapering down regime.
64
aspirin moa vs anitplatelets
aspirin- blocks COX 1 - reduces thromoxane A2 needed for aggegation others - stop adp from binding
65
unfractionated heparin vs LMWH
both antocoagulants 1. LMWH - usually sub cut, lower bleeding risk, still sucess but not as well 2. UH usually iV , higher bleeding risk, much more sucess in reversal with protmaine sulphate
65
what is the antidote of heparine
protamine sulphate
66
before starting somoen on anticoagulants whats important to do
do basic bloods like clotting (blue bottle) to see if any problems
67
examples of doacs
apixiban rivoroxiban

im a doctor :) (48 decks)

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