Pharm2- Ethanol/DrugsofAbuse Flashcards
? is required for activity of alc dehydrogenase?
NAD
rate limiting step?
NAD+»_space;> NADH
chief cause of met d/o in alc?
excess of NADH in liver
asian gene mutation
same actions as disulfiram- increase in ? due to ?
ALDH, low affinity for NAD+
w/ large qty of alc- another p/w becomes available? produces ? & ? w/ drugs
MEOS (microsomal ethanol oxidizing system), free radicals, cross tol/interactions
ethanol actions
inc GABA, opioids
dec ? and ?
NMDA rec fxn- blackouts, Ca influx
hepatic changes?
sexual?
none ACUTE
hyperestroginization in males (dec. test)
prevents alc-related seizures?
lorazepam
48-72h post drinking- autonomic instability, disorientation, and ? called?
hallucinations
deilirium tremens
? can return liver with high trigly and inc NADH to normal
high cal diet
alc inc risk of pulm dz - ? and ?
ARDS, pneumonia
short term tx, can dec consumption in heavy drinkers, opioid ant at U rec?
naltrexone
GABAb agoniest that dec cravings in alc?
baclofen
MC benzos for alc w/drawal?
diazepam
chlordiazepoxide
a/e of methanol poisoning?
severe acidosis
retinal damage/blindness
blocks DAT and NET?
cocaine
REVERSES action of DAT and NET? also bind to VMAT
amphetamines
dental probs, bruxism?
amphetamines
meth vs. cocaine (3)
man made
longer high
increases release AND blocks uptake
cold turkey, kicking the habit?
opioid s/e
very long half life, gradual onset, opioid tx?
methadone
opiod tx:
PARTIAL agonist at mu and nociceptin
ANTAGONIST at kappa
bupenORPHINE
opioid antagonist at u rec; no euphoria- poor compliance
naltrexone
dissociative; noncompetitive NMDA antagonists?
ketamine, PCP
NMDA antagonist and sigmoid rec agonist?
PCP
inactogenic, ALL serotonin related?
prevents reuptake and reverses SERT actions via phosphorylation
-binds to ?
-toxic: ?, ?
MDMA - ecstasy
5HT1
dehydration (hyponatremia), hyperthermia
no addiction but rapid tolerance ?
main target?
hallucinogens
5HT2a
halluc- bind at 5HT1a also, intense emotional swings, HPPD- flashbacks, abortion-inducing?
LSD
spineless cactus- mescaline?
peyote; can have fetal abn
mushrooms; tea or foods, 6 h, relaxation, weakness, ataxia, pupil dilation, N/V
psilocybin
THC causes disinhibition of ?
dopa neurons
weed tx? 3
decreases IOP, inc appetite for chemo, neuropathic pain
NABIlone, droNABInol tx?
AIDS, N/V in chemo, fibromyalgia (nabilone)
MAOI that inc DA/NE/5-HT; release Epi and glucose; dec insulin output?
tobacco
tobacco tx:
- dopa & NE reuptake inh?
- nicotine rec agonist on dopa neuron in VTA; stim rec w/o release of dopa; impaired driving and increased suicide ideation
buproprion
varenicline
