Adrenergic Agonists

Question 1

? is the parent compound from which all catecholamines and sympathomimetic drugs are derived

Answer 1

phenylethylamine

Question 2

increased size of alkyl substitutions increase ? activity

Answer 2

B-receptor

Question 3

removal of one or both of the ? on the benzene ring reduces the activity of the enzyme and increases the bioavailability and DOA of the drug

Answer 3

hydroxyl groups

Question 4

alpha adrenergic increase arterial resistance in ? and ?

Answer 4

skin

splanchnic vessels

Question 5

catecholamine are excluded and enter only with ?

Answer 5

high rates of infusion

Question 6

non-catecholamines i.e. ? or ? readily enter the CNS

Answer 6

amphetamine, methylphenidate

Question 7

activation of alpha 2 receptors in the ? decreases sympathetic outflow and causes ?

Answer 7

brainstem

hypotension

Question 8

epinephrine acts on ? receptors

Answer 8

both alpha, both beta

Question 9

epi treats ? by increaseing aqueous humor ? and decreasing its ?

Answer 9

OPEN angle GLC, outflow, production

Question 10

hypovolemia, cardiac insufficiency, altered vascular resistance?

Answer 10

three major mechanisms responsible for shock

Question 11

? is preferred for NON-anaphylactic shock- dilates renal vasculature

Answer 11

dopamine

Question 12

only use of NE is to ? in an ? state

-metabolized rapidly by ? and ?- very short 1/2 life

Answer 12

increase BP, acute hypotensive

MAO, COMT

Question 13

NE has no effect on ?

Answer 13

B2

Question 14

Isoproterenol only acts on ?

Answer 14

beta receptors

Question 15

potent vasoconstrictor and rapid IV can lead to reverse HR due to reflex effect?

Answer 15

Epi

Question 16

use isoproterenol for acute ? and emergency ?; also heart block, torsades pointes

Answer 16

asthma

bradycardia

Question 17

dopamine only give ?

Answer 17

IV

Question 18

dopamine treatment of severe ?

Answer 18

CHF

*also beneficial in septic or cardiogenic shock

Question 19

D1 dopamine receptor- lowers BP in ?

-moderate affinity for ? receptors

Answer 19

severe hypertension

alpha 2

Question 20

full B1 agonist

-short term treatment of ? that may occur after surgery, in CHF, in acute myocardial infarction

Answer 20

dobutamine- LUB DOB ;)

cardiac decompensation

Question 21

alpha one selective agonists? (3)

Answer 21

phenylephrine
ArAmine- off market
proAmAtine

Question 22

resistant to COMT metabolism?

• causes ? and an increase in BP with associated sinus ?
• IV- can be used as a potent ? w/ no direct inotropic or chronotropic effects on the heart
• due to reflex bradycardia- useful in treating ?
• commonly used as a ?
• in eye- effective ? in solutions

Answer 22

phenylephrine
vasoconstriction, bradycardia (reflex)
vasopressor
TACHYcardia
decongestant**
mydriatic

Question 23

treats postural hypotension?

Answer 23

proAmAtine

Question 24

alpha 2 agonists (5)

Answer 24

clonidine
guanafacine
guanabenz
iopidine
alphagan

Question 25

primarily used for hypertension? | also used to Dx phaeochromocytoma

Answer 25

clonidine *also useful in treating Ca patients, ADHD, nicotine/alcohol withdrawal, vascular HA, diabetic diarrhea, GLC, ulcerative colitis, Tourette's, etc.

Question 26

alpha 2 that decreases IOP by decreasing aqueous humor production?

Answer 26

IOPidine

Question 27

alpha 2 decreases IOP and is used for open angle GLC or ocular htn

Answer 27

alphagan

Question 28

``` alBUTEROL terBUTaline metaprotERenOL salmeTEROL formoTEROL ```

Answer 28

B2 selective agonists (some action at B1 receptors)

Question 29

B2 selective useful for bronchospasm & ? as well as ? due to the uterus relaxation

Answer 29

asthma | preterm labor

Question 30

50 fold more selective than albuterol?

Answer 30

salmeterol

Question 31

used for asthma, bronchospasm, & COPD?

Answer 31

salmeterol

Question 32

B3 agonist- relaxes the detrusor muscle during storage phase increasing ?

Answer 32

mirabegron | bladder capacity

Question 33

indirect acting sympathomimetics main action is to increase synaptic conc of ? and ?

Answer 33

dopamine, NE

Question 34

amphetamin & dextroamphetamine: 1. increased ? release of NT 2. ? transport

Answer 34

vesicular | reverse

Question 35

d-isomer is 3-4 times more potent at stim the CNS than the ? and is available as ? (ADHD)

Answer 35

1-isomer | dexedrine

Question 36

indirect agonists-addiction CNS- increased ? activity PNS- increase ? release which can lead to?

Answer 36

dopaminergic NE increased systolic&diastolic pressure

Question 37

only CNS effects and no peripheral effects?

Answer 37

ritalin | *this is why it is preferred for ADHD

Question 38

Tx for obesity- decrease food intake but doesn't increase metabolism

Answer 38

amphetamine, dextroamphetamine

Question 39

do NOT give indirect agonists with ? >> massive increases of peripheral NE that could cause a ? and death

Answer 39

MAOI inhibitors | hypertensive crisis

Question 40

all indirect work by stim NE release by ? blocks reuptake of ?

Answer 40

ritalin | dopamine

Question 41

? is more potent than ritalin; d-isomer of ritalin

Answer 41

focalin

Question 42

first orally active sympathomimetic?

Answer 42

ephedrine

Question 43

relief of nasal congestion? combats fall in BP during epidural anesthesia? raises Bp/CO/peripheral vasoconstriction?

Answer 43

ephedrine

Question 44

decongestant, stereoisomer of ephedrine, less potent

Answer 44

pseudoephedrine

Question 45

found in high conc in fermented foods like ? and ? | CI in pts takings MAOIs- hypertensive crisis

Answer 45

tyramine