Pharm of Substance Abuse Flashcards
Opium
fluid obtained from the poppy plant
Opiate
substance derived from opium
opiod
substance with morphine-like actions; synthetic or semi-synthetic
heroin is a
pro-drug–>6MAM–>MS
not bioavailable
rapidly penetrates BBB
Buprenorphin
partial opioid agonist-ceiling effect low abuse potential lower level physical dependence less opioid effect as compared to methadone safety in overdose quantities
suboxone has
poor bioavailability- sublingual
affinity
strength with which a drug physically binds to a receptor
Buprenorphine’s affinity
very strong, will displace full agonists like heroin or methadone
NOT the same as receptor activation
dissociation
speed (slow or fast) of disengagement or uncoupling of a drug from the receptor
Bu’s dissociation
slow- stays on for long time and blocks heroin/methadone’s action
treatment for opiate overdose
narcan
classic triad of oopiate overdose
miosis
coma
resp depression
early opiate withdrawal
lacrimination yawning rhinorhea sweating anxiety/doom
middle phase opiate withdrawal
restless sleep dilated pupils anorexia gooseflesh irritability tremor
late phase opiate withdrawal
increase in HR and BP nausea, vomiting, ab cramps depression weakness bone pain
cocaine mech
blocks DA reuptake transported on presyn membrane –>therefore, increasing synaptic dopamine
amphetamine mech
enter DA neurons via reuptake transporters and interact intracellularly to release DA into presyn terminal
what does cocaine do
CNS stimulation
adrenergic effects
vasoconstrictive
prolonged use of cocaine
neuroadaptation- dec DAT dec Dop R
pulmonary effects from smoking
meth at high doses
hypomania
grandiosity
extreme insomnia
irritability
chronic MA leads to
reduction in DAT which leads to depletion of DA in presyn temrinas
crystal meth wtihdrawal
protracted abstinence syndrome
-depression, irritability, suicidal ideation
marijuana gets deposited
in fat tissue because lipid soluble
