childhood psych disorders Flashcards
how many children are receiving service?
1 in 4- most NOT in formal mental health settings
rates of mental illness in children
14-20%
suicide # leading cause of death in teens
3rd
most common mental health disorders
ADHD
depression
anxiety
risk factors for mental health issues
chronic health issues brain damage temperament genetics family factors psychosocial factors
comorbidies
rule rather than exception
about 1/3 of children with ADHD have ADHD alone
internalizing
affecting you
externalizing
affecting those around you
gender in childhood vs adult depression
childhood: males= females
adults: females 2:1 males
childhood depression more at risk for
substance abuse
anxiety disorders
adult depression
bipolar disorder
best evidence for depression treatment
cognitive behavioral therapy
–ssris?
adolescents with MDD
1 in 20
percent of adolescents that make suicide attempts each year
9%
suicides versus completion
rare event, but hard to predict
increased SSRi linked to
decrease suicide attempt
FDA lable for ped OCD
zoloft
luvox
prozax
anafranil
FDA label for Ped-MDD
prozac > 8 years
onset of action
6-12 weeks
trend in antidepressants
decline
best treatment for child MDD
floxtine + CBT
TADS columbia study
gave antidepressants black box warning- use with caution!
chilren with anxiety
look shut down, but physiologically very aroused
anxiety risk factors
temperament genetics/epigenetics attachment (anxious-resistant) anxiety/depression in parent anxious, hostile parenting style trauma/environmental stress
what are the worst type of anxious parenting styles?
randomly/inconsistently hostile
on their own, stressful life events
do not provide a full explanation for the development of anxiety disorders
percentage of US children with anxiety
10-20%
most common childhod psych disorder
anxiety
anxiety and comorbidies
has a high rate
normal dev fears birth-6 months
loud noises
loss of physical support
rapid position changes
rapidly approaching/unfamiliar objects
7-12 months
strangers looming objects sudden confrontaton unexpected objects unfamilar people
1-5 years fears
strangers storms animals dark separation from parents machines objects loud noises toilet monsters ghosts insections bodily harm
6-12 years fears
supernatural beings bodily injury disease (AIDS, cancer) burglars staying alone failure criticism puihsment
12-18 years fears
tests bodily injury scrutiny appearance body image performance
abnormal anxiety is more
frequency and intensity than content
pathology categorized by
pervasiveness
intensity
time consuming
debility
placebos nad children
very responsive to
combined therapy is best in
moderate-severe anxiety
majority of primary anxiety disorders in children
remit over time
greater than 1/3 develop new disorders
GAD-greatest risk
3 types of child ADHD
inattentive
hyperactive/impulsive
combined
percentage of childhood adhd that continues into adulthood
60%
adhd brain
dysregulation of Ne and DA in frontal striatl systems
temporalar insular cortex to feed up- much less efficient
pleasurable, on
positive reinforcement
pleasurable, off
extinction
averse, on
punishment
averse, off
negative reingorcement
punishment vs extinction
punishment is faster but extinction re-establishes neural networks to change behavior is long-term
side effects of meds for adhd
insomnia
tics
appetite suppresion/decreased growth
OCD in children
1-2% of population
