neuropsychatric sequelae Flashcards

0
Q

impact forces

A

contact with object

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1
Q

TBI

A

force acting on the brain that results in disturbance in level of consciousness (not necessarily loss of consciousness)

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2
Q

inertial forces

A

acceleration or deceleration of brain

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3
Q

distribution of diffuse axonal injury

A

subcortical white matter

corpus callosum

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4
Q

sequelae of DIA

A
axon is stretched
increased permeability
calcium influx
damage to cytoskeleton
impaired axoplasmic transport
axonal swelling
detachment and axonal death
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5
Q

primary injury

A

contusions
hemorrhages
DAI

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6
Q

secondary injury (evolves over time)

A

massive release of NT
cerebral edema/ischemia/hypoxia
increased intracranial pressure
subsequent traggering of excitotoxic injury cascades

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7
Q

parameters of assessing TBI

A

loss of consciousness
duration of post traumatic amnesia
glasgow coma scale score

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8
Q

percentage of mild TBI

A

70-80%

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9
Q

risk factors

A

gender- male
age- children under 4, individuals between 15-24, after 75
life tendencies
time- midafternoon, early evening, weekends, summer months

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10
Q

life tendencies

A

half of all traumatic brain injuries frm alcohol use

adhd/impulsivity

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11
Q

highest rates of TBI (age)

A

highest for people over 65

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12
Q

leading cause for people over 65

A

falls

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13
Q

leading cause for 5-24

A

motor vehicle crashes

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14
Q

ages 0-4

A

assualts

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15
Q

highest rates of ED visiss age

16
Q

leading cause of TBI-ED visits/hospitalizations

17
Q

TDI disturbances

A

physical
cognitive
emotional/behavioral

18
Q

neuropsychiatric disorder

A

about half of people who get TI

19
Q

major categories of neuropsych sequeale- dysecutive syndromes

A

disorders of social comportment
disorders of motivation
disorders of executive cognition
psychiatric disorders

20
Q

frontal subcortical circuits

A

dorsolateral prefrontal
lateral orbitofrontal
anterior cingulate

21
Q

dorsolateral prefrontal

A

executive fx

22
Q

lateral orbitofrontal

A

social intelligence

23
Q

anterior cingulate

A

motivation

24
dysfunction in 1 frontal subcortical circuit
dysfunctionint hem all
25
most common cognitive complaint
memory (most common-working, short term, encoding)
26
dorsolaterla PFC
planning set-shifting problem solving working memory
27
cognitive domains
``` complex attention executive function learning/memory language social cognition ```
28
pharamacologics fall under two categories
clinically studied | those showing promise in preclinical studies
29
clinically studied
statins progesterone cycosporine
30
statins
target excitotoxicity apoptosis inflammation edema
31
progesterone
``` excitotoxicity apoptosis inflammation edema oxidative stress ```
32
SUR1-regulated NC channel inhibitors
apoptosis edema secondary hemorrhage inflammation
33
cell cycle inhibitors
apoptosis | inflammation
34
PARP inhibitors
apoptosis inflammation
35
show promise in prelinical trials
``` diketopiperazines substance P antagonists SUR1-regulated NC channel inhibitors cell cycle inhibitors PARP inhibitors ```
36
guidelines for medical management
start low go slow stop sooner