neuropsychatric sequelae

Question 0

impact forces

Answer 0

contact with object

Question 1

TBI

Answer 1

force acting on the brain that results in disturbance in level of consciousness (not necessarily loss of consciousness)

Question 2

inertial forces

Answer 2

acceleration or deceleration of brain

Question 3

distribution of diffuse axonal injury

Answer 3

subcortical white matter

corpus callosum

Question 4

sequelae of DIA

Answer 4

axon is stretched
increased permeability
calcium influx
damage to cytoskeleton
impaired axoplasmic transport
axonal swelling
detachment and axonal death

Question 5

primary injury

Answer 5

contusions
hemorrhages
DAI

Question 6

secondary injury (evolves over time)

Answer 6

massive release of NT
cerebral edema/ischemia/hypoxia
increased intracranial pressure
subsequent traggering of excitotoxic injury cascades

Question 7

parameters of assessing TBI

Answer 7

loss of consciousness
duration of post traumatic amnesia
glasgow coma scale score

Question 8

percentage of mild TBI

Answer 8

70-80%

Question 9

risk factors

Answer 9

gender- male
age- children under 4, individuals between 15-24, after 75
life tendencies
time- midafternoon, early evening, weekends, summer months

Question 10

life tendencies

Answer 10

half of all traumatic brain injuries frm alcohol use

adhd/impulsivity

Question 11

highest rates of TBI (age)

Answer 11

highest for people over 65

Question 12

leading cause for people over 65

Answer 12

falls

Question 13

leading cause for 5-24

Answer 13

motor vehicle crashes

Question 14

ages 0-4

Answer 14

assualts

Question 15

highest rates of ED visiss age

Answer 15

0-4 years

Question 16

leading cause of TBI-ED visits/hospitalizations

Answer 16

falls

Question 17

TDI disturbances

Answer 17

physical
cognitive
emotional/behavioral

Question 18

neuropsychiatric disorder

Answer 18

about half of people who get TI

Question 19

major categories of neuropsych sequeale- dysecutive syndromes

Answer 19

disorders of social comportment
disorders of motivation
disorders of executive cognition
psychiatric disorders

Question 20

frontal subcortical circuits

Answer 20

dorsolateral prefrontal
lateral orbitofrontal
anterior cingulate

Question 21

dorsolateral prefrontal

Answer 21

executive fx

Question 22

lateral orbitofrontal

Answer 22

social intelligence

Question 23

anterior cingulate

Answer 23

motivation

Question 24

dysfunction in 1 frontal subcortical circuit

Answer 24

dysfunctionint hem all

Question 25

most common cognitive complaint

Answer 25

memory (most common-working, short term, encoding)

Question 26

dorsolaterla PFC

Answer 26

planning
set-shifting
problem solving
working memory

Question 27

cognitive domains

Answer 27

complex attention
executive function
learning/memory
language
social cognition

Question 28

pharamacologics fall under two categories

Answer 28

clinically studied

those showing promise in preclinical studies

Question 29

clinically studied

Answer 29

statins
progesterone
cycosporine

Question 30

statins

Answer 30

target excitotoxicity
apoptosis
inflammation
edema

Question 31

progesterone

Answer 31

excitotoxicity
apoptosis
inflammation
edema
oxidative stress

Question 32

SUR1-regulated NC channel inhibitors

Answer 32

apoptosis
edema
secondary hemorrhage
inflammation

Question 33

cell cycle inhibitors

Answer 33

apoptosis

inflammation

Question 34

PARP inhibitors

Answer 34

apoptosis inflammation

Question 35

show promise in prelinical trials

Answer 35

diketopiperazines
substance P antagonists
SUR1-regulated NC channel inhibitors
cell cycle inhibitors
PARP inhibitors

Question 36

guidelines for medical management

Answer 36

start low
go slow
stop sooner