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PSYCH > Autism Spectrum Disorder > Flashcards

Autism Spectrum Disorder Flashcards

0
Q

DSM-5 Criteria for social communication

A

==>persistant deficit in social communication need all three categories

lack of social/emotional reciprocity
marked deficits in nonverbal and verbal communication used for social interaction
failure to develop and maintain peer relationships appropriate for developmental level

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1
Q

impairment in two domains

A

deficits in social communication/social interaction

restricted repetitive patterns of behavior, interests, and activities

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2
Q

DSM5 Behavhior

A

repetitive, restricted patterns of behavior, interests, and activities as manifested by at least two-

stereotyped motor movements, use of objects or speech
insistence on sameness, inflexible adherence to routines, or ritualized patterns of verbal or nonverbal behaviors
highly restricted, fixated interests that are abnormal in intensity aor focus
hyper or hyporeactivity to sensory input or unusual interest in sensory aspects of the environment

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3
Q

levels of autism

A

level 1- requiring support
level 2- requiring substantial support
level 3- requiring very substantial support

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4
Q

social communication disorder

A

new diagnosis in DSM 5
difficulties with social use of communication or language
NOT a variant of ASD- no restricted or repetitive patterns of behavior

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5
Q

prevalence of autism

A

occurs 1 out of 68 births

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6
Q

75% of people with autism are

A

mentally retarted

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7
Q

20% of people with autism

A

have a seizure disorder

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8
Q

gender ratio

A

boys: girls
5: 1

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9
Q

increasd risk of autism with

A

increasing parental age

pre-term babies

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10
Q

1 child with ASD, leaves a what recurrence rate

A

20%

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11
Q

idential twins vs fratneral twins

A

70% identical twins

20% fraternal twins

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12
Q

neuro findings of autism

A

early brain overgrowth in first 2 years
differences in connectivity between frontal and parietal lobes

differences in empathy circuit

increased cerebral volume

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13
Q

diagnostic assesssmnet

A

no definitive diagnostic test

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14
Q

must first role out

A

hearing impairment, other psych disorders, eccentric/quirky behavior

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15
Q

different tests to confirm

A

MRI- focal neurologic signs
metabolic testing
genetic testing (DNA probe for fragile x, microarray, karyotype)
testing for mutations of PTEN gene (ASD and macrocephaly)
EEG

16
Q

symptoms may

A

improve with time, but it is a lifelong progression

17
Q

ASD and head circumference

A

25% of people have a head circumference in 97th percentile

18
Q

ASG and _____ have mutations in the _____ gene, placing them at risk for _____

A

macrocephaly
PTEN
hamartomatous tumors

19
Q

ADHD and ASD

A

45-59% of people

20
Q

ADHD and employment

A

85% unemployed or under employed

21
Q

pharmacology and ASD

A

treat specific symptoms with select medications

22
Q

psychotropic meds

A

45% children and 75% adults

SSRIs, atypical antipsychotics, stimulants, clonidine, guanfacine

23
Q

irritability

A

10-30%

24
Q

Aberrant behavior checklist

A 
irritability and agitation
lethargy and social withdrawal
sterotypic behavior
hyperactivity and noncompliance
inappropriate speech
25
Q

first evaluate for

A

physical pain, dental pain, new stressors

26
Q

FDA approved for irritability in autism

A

risperidone (wont eliminate completely)

27
Q

antipsychotics are

A

last resort for ASD

28
Q

kids and relapse on risperidone

A

yes

29
Q

another fda approved drug for irritability in autism

A

aripiprazole

30
Q

aripripazole vs risperidone

A

rispiridone- weight gain

aripip- not generic

31
Q

mood stabilizers/adjunct to risperidone

A

topiramate

–decrease in sterotypic behavior (hyperactivity/noncompliance)

32
Q

response rate in ADHD/ASD

A

less than normal kids

33
Q

main side effect ADHD meds

A

irritability

34
Q

first line adhd

A

stimulants

35
Q

second line adhd

A

alpha 2 adrenergic agonists

atomoxetine

36
Q

pharm for repetitive behavior

A

SSRIs- no different than placebo in kids (some work in adults)
aripiprazole and risperidone help but dnt help anxiety

37
Q

SSRIs and family members

A

if first degree family member has a good response to SSRI, utilize one

38
Q

drugs taht show promise for social impairment

A

oxytocine
d-cycloserine
arbaclofen

PSYCH (25 decks)

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