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BOARDs > Pharm: HTN > Flashcards

Pharm: HTN Flashcards

1
Q

Antihypertensive Drugs:

A

Diuretics
Vasodilators
Calcium Channel Blockers
ACE Inhibitors
Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers

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2
Q

Diuretics

A

Decrease Renal re-absorption of Na+=Net Fluid Loss

Drugs:
Furosemide: Loop or high-ceiling Diuretic

Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ): Thiazide Diuretic
* Caution: Hypokalemia

Spironolactone: K+ sparing
* Caution: Hyperkalemia

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3
Q

Vasodilators

A

Open K+ Channels–> Vasodilation
* hyperpolarizes vascular smooth muscle

Hydralazine

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4
Q

Calcium Channel Blockers

A

Block Ca+ influx–> vasodilation
* hyperpolarize the cell to causing smooth muscle relaxation

Drugs:
Verapamil
Diltiazem
Amlodipine
Nifedipine

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5
Q

ACE Inhibitors

A

Block Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (Converts Angiotensin I to Angiotensin II)
* AG II=potent vasoconstrictor

Suffix: -prils

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6
Q

Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs)

A

Competitive antagonist at angiotensin II receptor
* Blocks Angiotensin II (potent vasoconstrictor)

Suffix: -sartan

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7
Q

Anti-Anginals

A

Angina=Chest pain due to insufficient O2 to Heart

Protocol=MONA:
* Morphine
* Oxygen
* Nitroglycerinee
* Aspirin

Drugs:
Nitroglycerine
Propanolol
CCBs

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8
Q

Anti-CHF Drugs

A

CHF=Heart fails to pump enough blood to heart (Weak heart)

DRUGS:
Cardiac Glycosides:

ACE Inhibitors

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9
Q

Cardiac Glycosides

A

Blocks Na/K ATPase–> Increase Ca+ influx-& promote positive inotropy (Strength of contraction) in Heart muscle only

AntiCHF
* Digoxin
* Digitalis

Anti-Arrythmia:
* Digitalis-Afib and Paroxysmal Tachycardia

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10
Q

Anti-Arrhythmias

A

Used for irregular Heart beats

Type 1: Na+ channel Blockers for cariac muscle only

Type 2: Beta Blockers
* 2nd letter in alphabet=type 2

Type 3: K+ Channel Blockers
* K has 3 lines in it=Type 3

Type 4: Ca channel Blockers (CCB)

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11
Q

Anti-Arrhythmic: Type 1 Drugs

A

Na+ channel Blockers for cardiac muscle only
* 1A: lengthens refractory period to decrease HR
* 1B: shortens refractory period to increase HR

Drugs:
Quinidine (1A): A. Fib, Supraventricular tacchyarrhthmia

Procainamide: Same as above

Lidocaine (1B): ventricular arrthmia

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12
Q

Anti-Arrhythmic: Type 2 Drugs

A

Beta Blockers
* 2nd letter in the alphabet=Type 2

Propranolol: Paroxysmal tachycardia

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13
Q

Anti-Arrhythmic: Type 3 Drugs

A

K channel Blockers
* K as 3 lines in it=Type 3

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14
Q

Anti-Arrhythmic: Type 4 drugs

A

Ca Channel Blockers (CCB)

Verapamil: A fib, paroxysmal tachycardia, supraventricular rachyarrhythmia

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15
Q

Nitroglycerine: MOA

A

Vasodilation of smooth muscle in coronary arteries—> Increase O2 supply

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16
Q

Propanolol

A

Reduces Oxygen Demand by relaxing the heart

17
Q

CCBs MOA as Anti-anginals

A

Decrease O2 demand by reducing peripheral resistance via vasodilation

Vasodilate–>Reduce peripheral resistance–>Decrease O2 demand

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