Oral Path: Mucosal Leasion-Premalignant/Malignant Flashcards
Leukoplakia
Clinical Description, NOT a Diagnosis
White patch that does NOT rub off
* unknown etiology
Tx: Mandatory biopsy
Proliferative Verrucous Leukoplakia
Recurrent & warty
associated with: HPV 16 & 18
High risk of malignant transformation to SCC or verrucous carcinoma
Erythroplakia
Clinical Description, NOT a diagnosis
Red Patch
* higher risk of malignant transformation than leukplakia
Tx: Mandatory Biopsy
Actinic Cheilitis
Actinic=Solar
Due to sun damage (UVB especially)
Smokeless Tobacco-Associated Lesion
Wrinkly white appearance in vestibule
due to: smokeless tobaccco and additives
What are the high risk sites for oral cancer?
- Floor of Mouth
- Posterior Lateral Tongue
What are the different types of cancer?
originates from:
Carcinoma: Epithelial Tissue
Sarcoma: mesenchymal (aka CT)
Leukemia: Blood
Lymphoma: Lymphatics
Cancer Stages
Dysplasia: Pre-cancer
Carcinoma in situa: affects all epithelium
Manlignant Neoplasm: Aka Cancer
* invades past the basement membrane
* Local Invasion: Connective Tissue
* Metastasis: Access to blood or lymph to travel around the body
Verrucous Carcinoma
cause:
* HPV 16 & 18
* tobacco
Slow growing malignancy
Tx: Excisision
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Aka Oral cancer, oral SCC
cause:
* oncogenes
* inactivation of tumor suppressor genes
Increased incidence of oropharyngeal SCC
5 year survival rate: 50%
Tx: excision or radiation
Oropharyngeal SCC
HPV 16 & 18
Plummer-Vinson Syndrome
=Mucosal Atrophy + Dysphagia (Trouble Swallowing) + Iron Deficiency anemia + Increased risk of oral cancer
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Cause: Sun Damage
Rarely Metastasizes
Tx: Surgical excision
Oral Melanoma
Malignancy of Melanocytes
High risk areas: Palate & gingiva
5 year survial rate:
* Skin=65%
* Oral=20%
