pharm - endocrine Flashcards
MOA of insulin
bind TK insulin receptor
Metformin (Biguanide) effect
reduce glucogenesis, raise glycolysis and peripheral glucose uptake
metformin SE
GI upset - Lactic acidosis
tolbutamide, chlorproamide class
1st gen sulfonyllureas
glyburide, glimepride, glipizide class
2nd gen 1st gen sulfonyllureas
sulfonyllureas MOA
closes K+ channel in B-cell membranse, depolarizes and releases insulin
use of sulfonyllureas
stimulate endogenous release of insulin in DM2
SE of sulfonyllureas
1st gen - disulfram reaction
2nd gen - hypoglycemia
glitazone MOA
increases insulin sensitivity in peripheral tissue (binds to PPAR-g nuclear transcription regulator)
pramlintide use
lowers glucgon in type 1 and 2 DM
GLP-analogs
exenatide, liraglutide
exenatide, liraglutide use
increases insulin release, reduces glucagon release
acarbose/migitol
inhibit intestinal sugar hydrolysis and glucose absorption - effect is reduction in postprandial hyperglycemia
glitazone SE
weight gain, edema, hepatotox, heart failure
DPP-4 inhibitors
-gliptins
gliptin MOA
increases insulin release, reduces glucagon release
gliptin SE
mild UTI/RTI
GLP-1 analog SE
n/v, pancreatitis
drugs for hyperthyroidism
propylthiouricil, methimazole
propylthiouricil, methimazole MOA
block peroxidase, inhibiting organification of iodide and coupling of thyroid hormone syth. also blocks peripheral conversion of T3 to T4
tox of propylthiouricil, methimazole
skin rash, agranulocytosis (rare), aplastic anemia, hepatotox (propyl) methimazole ppossible teratogen
somatostatin use
acromegaly, carcinoid, gastrinoma, gluconoma, esophageal varices
oxytocin use
stimulates labor, uterine contratcions, milk-let down. controls uterine hemmorrhage
memeclocycine use
ADH antagonist (used in SIADH)
tox of memeclocycine
nephrogenic DI, photosensitivity, abnormalities of bone and teeth
