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Step 1 - Pharm > autonomic drugs > Flashcards

autonomic drugs Flashcards

1
Q

bethanechol use

A

postoperative ileus, neurogenic ileus, urinary retention

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2
Q

bethanechol action

A

activates bladder and bowel smooth muscle

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3
Q

carbachol use

A

glaucoma, pupillary contraction, relief of intraocular pressure

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4
Q

pilocarpine

A

stimulates sweat, tears and saliva

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5
Q

pilocarpine action

A

contracts ciliary muscle and pupillary shpincter - resistant to AChE

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6
Q

methacholine use

A

challenge for dx of asthma

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7
Q

neostigmine use

A

postp[ and neurogenic ileus/urinary retention
MG
reversal of NMJ blockade in surgery

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8
Q

Neostigmine action

A

increases endogenous ACh (does not penetrate CNS)

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9
Q

pyridostigmine use

A

MG (does not penetrate CNS)

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10
Q

edrophonium use

A

dx of MG

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11
Q

edrophonium action

A

increases endogenous ACh

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12
Q

use of physiostigmine

A 
anticholergenergic tox (crosses BBB)
atropine OD
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13
Q

physiostigmine action

A

increases endogenous ACh

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14
Q

donepezil

A

alzheimer’s dx

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15
Q

donepezil action

A

increase endogenous ACh (crosses into CNS)

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16
Q

tox of cholinomimetic agents

A

worsens COPD, asthma, and PUD

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17
Q

antidote for cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning

A

atropine + pralidoxime

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18
Q

atropine, homatropine.tropacamide use

A

produceses mydrasis and cycloplegia (muscarinic antagonist)

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19
Q

benztropine use

A

parkinson’s (muscarinic antagonist)

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20
Q

scopolamine use

A

motion sickness (muscarinic antagonist)

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21
Q

ipratropium use

A

COPD, asthma (muscarinic antagonist)

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22
Q

oxybutin use

A

reduce bladder urgancy in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms (muscarinic antagonist)

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23
Q

glycoyrrolate use

A

preop to reduce airway secretions (muscarinic antagonist)

drooling, peptic ulcer

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24
Q

atropine actions

A

increases pupil dilation and cycloplegia,

lowers airway secretions,lowers stomach acid secretion, and gut motility, reduces cystitis urgency

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25
Q

atropine MOA

A

muscarine antagonist

26
Q

atropine tox

A

increased body temp, rapid pulse and dry mouth, dry, flushed skin, cycloplegia, constipation, disorientation. urinary retention with prostatic hyperplasia, actute angle closure glaucoma in elderly

27
Q

plant that can cause atropine tox

A

Jimson weed

28
Q

epi effects on symapthatic receptors

A

big increases: a1, a2, b1, B2

29
Q

NE effects on symapthatic receptors

A

big increase on a1, A1, some at B1

30
Q

isoprotenerol effects on symapthatic receptors

A

big on B1, B2

31
Q

isoprotenerol use

A

torsade de pointes abd bradyarrithmia

32
Q

isoprotenerol tox

A

shrink QT interval, can worsen cardiac ischemia

33
Q

dopamine effects on symapthatic receptors

A

big effects on all receptors

34
Q

dopamine use (non CNS)

A

shock (RENAL PEFUSION!!) heart failure, inotropic and chronotropic

35
Q

dobutamine effects on symapthatic receptors

A

slight on a1,a2, B2

large on B1

36
Q

dobutamine use

A

HF, cardiac stress test, inotropic and chronotropic

37
Q

phenylephrine effects on symapthatic receptors

A

big on a1, slight on a2

38
Q

phenlyephrine use

A

hypoension and used in ocular procedures

decongestant

39
Q

albuterol, salmeterol, terbutaline effects on symapthatic receptors

A

large on B2, some B1

40
Q

metaproterenol and albuterol use

A

acute asthma

41
Q

salmeterol use

A

long term asthma or COPD

42
Q

terbutaline use

A

premature labor

43
Q

ritodrine effects on symapthatic receptors

A

BIG on B2

44
Q

ritodrine use

A

premature labor

45
Q

NEVER give these to cocaine PD pts (why?)

A

beta blockers (can lead to unopposed a1 activation and extreme hypertension)

46
Q

clonidine/a-methyldopa use

A

hypertenion with renal dx

47
Q

clonidine/a-methyldopa action

A

central acting a2 agonist - lower sympathtic outflow

48
Q

phenoxybenzamine use

A

pre pheo tumor surgery (will block the inevitable release of cathecolamines during surgery) - non selective irreversable alpha blocker

49
Q

phenoxybenzamine tox

A

orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

50
Q

phentolamine use

A

MAOi crisis (reversiable non-selective alpha blocker)

51
Q

-osin (ex: prazosin) use

A

hypertension, urinary retention in BPH

52
Q

prasozin tox

A

will cause orthostatic hypotension with first use (a1 blocker)

dizziness, headache

53
Q

mirtazapine use

A

depression

54
Q

mirtazapine tox

A

sedation, high cholesterol, increased appitite

55
Q

uses of Beta blockers (olol)

A

angina (lowers HR and contractibility)
MI (lowers mortality)
SVT (lowers AV conduction velocity)
hypertension (reduces CO and renin section due to b1 receptor blockade on JGA cells)
CHF (slows progression)
glaucoma (lowers secretion of aqueous humor)

56
Q

beta blockers for SVT

A

metoprolol, esmolol

57
Q

beta blocker for glaucoma

A

timolol

58
Q

beta blocker tox

A

impotence, asthma, CV adverse avents, seizures, sedation, sleep alterations, -caution in diabetics

59
Q

B1 selective agents

A

ABEAM (acebutolol, betaxolol, esmolol, atenolol, metoprolol)

60
Q

non selective Beta blockers

A

propanolol, timolol, nadalolol, pindolol

61
Q

partial B agonists

A

pindolol, acebutolol

Step 1 - Pharm (17 decks)

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