autonomic drugs

Question 1

bethanechol use

Answer 1

postoperative ileus, neurogenic ileus, urinary retention

Question 2

bethanechol action

Answer 2

activates bladder and bowel smooth muscle

Question 3

carbachol use

Answer 3

glaucoma, pupillary contraction, relief of intraocular pressure

Question 4

pilocarpine

Answer 4

stimulates sweat, tears and saliva

Question 5

pilocarpine action

Answer 5

contracts ciliary muscle and pupillary shpincter - resistant to AChE

Question 6

methacholine use

Answer 6

challenge for dx of asthma

Question 7

neostigmine use

Answer 7

postp[ and neurogenic ileus/urinary retention
MG
reversal of NMJ blockade in surgery

Question 8

Neostigmine action

Answer 8

increases endogenous ACh (does not penetrate CNS)

Question 9

pyridostigmine use

Answer 9

MG (does not penetrate CNS)

Question 10

edrophonium use

Answer 10

dx of MG

Question 11

edrophonium action

Answer 11

increases endogenous ACh

Question 12

use of physiostigmine

Answer 12

anticholergenergic tox (crosses BBB)
atropine OD

Question 13

physiostigmine action

Answer 13

increases endogenous ACh

Question 14

donepezil

Answer 14

alzheimer’s dx

Question 15

donepezil action

Answer 15

increase endogenous ACh (crosses into CNS)

Question 16

tox of cholinomimetic agents

Answer 16

worsens COPD, asthma, and PUD

Question 17

antidote for cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning

Answer 17

atropine + pralidoxime

Question 18

atropine, homatropine.tropacamide use

Answer 18

produceses mydrasis and cycloplegia (muscarinic antagonist)

Question 19

benztropine use

Answer 19

parkinson’s (muscarinic antagonist)

Question 20

scopolamine use

Answer 20

motion sickness (muscarinic antagonist)

Question 21

ipratropium use

Answer 21

COPD, asthma (muscarinic antagonist)

Question 22

oxybutin use

Answer 22

reduce bladder urgancy in mild cystitis and reduce bladder spasms (muscarinic antagonist)

Question 23

glycoyrrolate use

Answer 23

preop to reduce airway secretions (muscarinic antagonist)

drooling, peptic ulcer

Question 24

atropine actions

Answer 24

increases pupil dilation and cycloplegia,

lowers airway secretions,lowers stomach acid secretion, and gut motility, reduces cystitis urgency

Question 25

atropine MOA

Answer 25

muscarine antagonist

Question 26

atropine tox

Answer 26

increased body temp, rapid pulse and dry mouth, dry, flushed skin, cycloplegia, constipation, disorientation. urinary retention with prostatic hyperplasia, actute angle closure glaucoma in elderly

Question 27

plant that can cause atropine tox

Answer 27

Jimson weed

Question 28

epi effects on symapthatic receptors

Answer 28

big increases: a1, a2, b1, B2

Question 29

NE effects on symapthatic receptors

Answer 29

big increase on a1, A1, some at B1

Question 30

isoprotenerol effects on symapthatic receptors

Answer 30

big on B1, B2

Question 31

isoprotenerol use

Answer 31

torsade de pointes abd bradyarrithmia

Question 32

isoprotenerol tox

Answer 32

shrink QT interval, can worsen cardiac ischemia

Question 33

dopamine effects on symapthatic receptors

Answer 33

big effects on all receptors

Question 34

dopamine use (non CNS)

Answer 34

shock (RENAL PEFUSION!!) heart failure, inotropic and chronotropic

Question 35

dobutamine effects on symapthatic receptors

Answer 35

slight on a1,a2, B2 large on B1

Question 36

dobutamine use

Answer 36

HF, cardiac stress test, inotropic and chronotropic

Question 37

phenylephrine effects on symapthatic receptors

Answer 37

big on a1, slight on a2

Question 38

phenlyephrine use

Answer 38

hypoension and used in ocular procedures decongestant

Question 39

albuterol, salmeterol, terbutaline effects on symapthatic receptors

Answer 39

large on B2, some B1

Question 40

metaproterenol and albuterol use

Answer 40

acute asthma

Question 41

salmeterol use

Answer 41

long term asthma or COPD

Question 42

terbutaline use

Answer 42

premature labor

Question 43

ritodrine effects on symapthatic receptors

Answer 43

BIG on B2

Question 44

ritodrine use

Answer 44

premature labor

Question 45

NEVER give these to cocaine PD pts (why?)

Answer 45

beta blockers (can lead to unopposed a1 activation and extreme hypertension)

Question 46

clonidine/a-methyldopa use

Answer 46

hypertenion with renal dx

Question 47

clonidine/a-methyldopa action

Answer 47

central acting a2 agonist - lower sympathtic outflow

Question 48

phenoxybenzamine use

Answer 48

pre pheo tumor surgery (will block the inevitable release of cathecolamines during surgery) - non selective irreversable alpha blocker

Question 49

phenoxybenzamine tox

Answer 49

orthostatic hypotension, reflex tachycardia

Question 50

phentolamine use

Answer 50

MAOi crisis (reversiable non-selective alpha blocker)

Question 51

-osin (ex: prazosin) use

Answer 51

hypertension, urinary retention in BPH

Question 52

prasozin tox

Answer 52

will cause orthostatic hypotension with first use (a1 blocker) dizziness, headache

Question 53

mirtazapine use

Answer 53

depression

Question 54

mirtazapine tox

Answer 54

sedation, high cholesterol, increased appitite

Question 55

uses of Beta blockers (olol)

Answer 55

angina (lowers HR and contractibility) MI (lowers mortality) SVT (lowers AV conduction velocity) hypertension (reduces CO and renin section due to b1 receptor blockade on JGA cells) CHF (slows progression) glaucoma (lowers secretion of aqueous humor)

Question 56

beta blockers for SVT

Answer 56

metoprolol, esmolol

Question 57

beta blocker for glaucoma

Answer 57

timolol

Question 58

beta blocker tox

Answer 58

impotence, asthma, CV adverse avents, seizures, sedation, sleep alterations, -caution in diabetics

Question 59

B1 selective agents

Answer 59

ABEAM (acebutolol, betaxolol, esmolol, atenolol, metoprolol)

Question 60

non selective Beta blockers

Answer 60

propanolol, timolol, nadalolol, pindolol

Question 61

partial B agonists

Answer 61

pindolol, acebutolol