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JK Hu A&P > Perrault_Abdomen_Embryology > Flashcards

Perrault_Abdomen_Embryology Flashcards

1
Q

mesocolon:

A

mesentary sheet that adhears the transverse colon to the posterior wall

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2
Q

developmental phases of development:

A

elongation/recanalization, herniation, rotation/folding, histogenesis, functional maturation

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3
Q

the primordial foregut incluides:

A

primordial pharynx, lower respiratory system, the esophogus, duodunum-proximal part, the liver, bilary apparatus, pancreas

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4
Q

the primordial foregut is vascularly supplied by the:

A

celiac artery

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5
Q

the primordial midgut includes:

A

small intestine, duodenum-distal part, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, 2/3 of the transverse colon

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6
Q

the primordial hindgut includes:

A

left 1/3 of transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, rectum, superior part of anal canal, epithelium of urinary bladder, most of the urethra

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7
Q

the primordial midgut is vascularized by the:

A

superior messentary

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8
Q

the primordial hindgut is vascularized by the:

A

inferior messentary

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9
Q

by the end of the first month, the endoderm will develop a series of _______ budding off of it

A

diverticulum

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10
Q

vitelline duct

A

In the human embryo, the vitelline duct, also known as the omphalomesenteric duct, is a long narrow tube that joins the yolk sac to the midgut lumen of the developing fetus.[1] It appears at the end of the fourth week, when the yolk sac presents the appearance of a small pear-shaped vesicle (the umbilical vesicle).

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11
Q

if the vitelline is left over, it is associated with the _____ and is called _____

A

illeum, merkle’s diverticuli

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12
Q

the endoderm that expands out from within the pharyngeal arches,

A

pharyngeal pouches

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13
Q

mesoderm that stayed with endothermal tube as it spread out laterally is called:

A

splancnic mesoderm

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14
Q

mesdoerm that stayed with the body wall while spreading is called:

A

somatic mesoderm

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15
Q

the two layers of cells that are surrounding the gut tube, that is pulled into the center of the cavity of the embryo is called:

A

splancnic mesoderm

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16
Q

the ____ and _______ structures will develop from the ventral wall

A

foregut, hindgut

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17
Q

the _____ does not develop from the ventral wall because of the ______

A

yolk sac

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18
Q

the yolk sac caused no mesentary in the abdominal cavity to be derived from the _______ and so most all of the mesentary of the abdomen is derived from the _____

A

dorsal wall

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19
Q

the thorax is separated from the diaphram by:

A

septum transversum (ventral wall)

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20
Q

the septum transversum grows out of the _____ and is called ______

A

ventral wall, somaticmesoderm

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21
Q

four sections that become the diaphram are:

A

septum transversum, pleuroperitoneal folds, mesentery of the esophagus, secondary ingrowth from the mesenchyme from the body wall

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22
Q

during the ______ phase, the GI forces its way into the thoracic cavity

A

elongation phase

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23
Q

esophogus starts as:

A

two layer tube

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24
Q

the esophogus elogates significantly while developing a muscular outer component from ______

A

splanchnic mesoderm

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25
Q

the esophogus is _____ and and expands to occlude the lumen

A

endodermal derived epithelium

26
Q

_____ form and recanalize the lumen

A

vacuoles

27
Q

during the secondary vacualization phase, the esophogus reopens and the _____ tissue becomes more _____,

A

cuboidal, columnar

28
Q

growth factors are released from____ that signal the distal end of the esophogus to turn into the _____

A

the inside of the esophogus, circular muscle cells

29
Q

the endodermal tube signals for the ____ to turn into muscle distally, and more connective tissue proximally

A

splancnic mesoderm

30
Q

the lesser curvature of the stomach was _____ and the greater curvature was _____

A

anterior posterior

31
Q

the stomach turns (right), there is differential growth, and the dorsal mesentary becomes the ____ and the ventral mesentary becomes the _____

A

greater omentum, lesser omentum

32
Q

the ____ aspect of the tube grows faster than the______

A

posterior anterior

33
Q

along with the increased growth of the ____portion of the stomach, there is an increased growth of the ____

A

posterior, dorsal mesentary

34
Q

the anterior aspect of the peritoneal cavity is ___ layered and is derived from the ____

A

4, dorsal mesentary

35
Q

heterotropic gastric

A

cells from differentiating stomach result in acid producing cells in random places (SI, Trans colon, esophogus)

36
Q

at 1 month, the fetus will begin____ without it you have ____

A

drinking amniotic fluid, duodenal atresia

37
Q

not drinking a amniotic fluid results in :

A

Polyhydramnios

38
Q

Polyhydramnios is:

A

a medical condition describing an excess of amniotic fluid in the amniotic sac. It is seen in about 1% of pregnancies. It is typically diagnosed when the amniotic fluid index (AFI) is greater than 24 cm.

39
Q

just ____ to the stomach you have 2 diverticular show up. they are anterior ____ and posterior______

A

distal, liver bud that develops into a biliary system, dorsal pancreas

40
Q

the ___ is pulled posteriorly behind the ______

A

bile duct, duodenum

41
Q

the transition from the foregut to the hindgut is denoted where: the pancreas is formed

A

the common bile duct is rotated behind the duodenum and projects through the pancreas

42
Q

it is possible to find two tubes for the pancreatic duct because the accessory because

A

the head of the pancreas rotates around to fuse with the body

43
Q

coronary ligaments of the liver, this is where:

A

ventral mesentary never came together because the liver grew so fast and grew too large to be attaached

44
Q

the intestines start by making a _____, the ___ aspect of the loop rotates counterclockwise, it herniates out into the umbilical cord

A

hairpin loop, distal,

45
Q

the intestines are all attached by a ______ attached to the _____

A

dorsal mesentary, posterior wall (creating pockets

46
Q

the outer dorsal mesentary ends up fusing with the organs behind and creates ____

A

mesocolon

47
Q

stem cells in the gut start in the _____ and then shed off after _______.

A

crypt, 4 days

48
Q

the stem cells in the intestines sit on top of the ______

A

plica

49
Q

omphalocele:

A

the instestines are not absorbed back into the stomach but are covered with mesentary

50
Q

gastroschisis

A

not covered in peritoneal lining, develops out

51
Q

hind gut supplies:

A

inferior mesentaric artery

52
Q

the proctodeum is ____

A

end of the GI tract

53
Q

the ______ is the common sewer system for all things needing to be pumped out of the urinary system:

A

cloaca

54
Q

membrane in the ____eventually deteriorates and is covered posterior by ______

A

anus mesoderm

55
Q

membrane in the ____eventually deteriorates and is covered posterior by ______

A

anus mesoderm

56
Q

the center of your ischium region is the _____

A

peroneal membrane (serves as a wall from the future urinary system and future hindgut) 2

57
Q

shift from hindgut to proctode denoted by

A

petinate to white line (stratified squamous signs

58
Q

intraretroperitoneal organs

A

dj illeus, tranny cece signed stomachs with a pen

duodenum 1-4, jejunum ilium, transverse colon, cecum, sigmoid colon, stomach, appendix

59
Q

secondary retroperitoneal

A

2nd grade, colon powell had a duo, colon (ascending and descending, duodenum 2, 3

60
Q

retroperitoneal

A

REtroperitoneal, rectum, esophogus

JK Hu A&P (21 decks)

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