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Exam 2 (PARP) > Periteneum and Abdominal Cavity > Flashcards

Periteneum and Abdominal Cavity Flashcards

1
Q

_________ is the thin membrane that covers wall and organs of thoracic and abdominal pelvic cavity

A

Serosa

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2
Q

The serosa secretes serous fluid that __________

A

Reduces friction

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3
Q

Two layers of the Serosa

A
  1. Parietal layer
  2. Visceral layer
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4
Q

Outer serosa layer that lines wall of cavity

A

Parietal layer

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5
Q

Inner serosa layer, that covers the organ

A

Visceral

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6
Q
A
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7
Q

3 serosa locations and names of layers

A
  1. Heart- Pericardium
  2. Lungs- Pleura
  3. Abdominal pelvic cavity- Peritoneum
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8
Q

3 organs that make up the abdominal cavity

A
  1. Stomach
  2. Small Intestine
  3. Large intestine
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9
Q

The abdominal pelvic cavity is also called the _______

A

Gut tube

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10
Q

Role of mesenteries

A

Connect the abdominal cavity organs to the posterior wall of the abdomen

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11
Q

The two main mesenteries during development that suspends gut tube. Which is each located?

A
  1. Ventral mesentery- only proximal end
  2. Dorsal mesentery- entire length
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12
Q

Organs that make up the digestive tract

A
  1. Stomach
  2. Small Intestine
  3. Large intestine
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13
Q

Parts of Small intestine

A
  1. Duodenum
  2. Jejunum
  3. Ileum
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14
Q

Parts of Large Intestine

A
  1. Ascending
  2. Transverse
  3. Descending
  4. Sigmoid colon
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15
Q

Digestive glands that make up abdominal cavity

A
  1. Spleen
  2. Liver
  3. Gall bladder
  4. Pancreas
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16
Q
A
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17
Q
  1. The intraperitoneal space include structures located within the ________cavity. These structures are:
A

Abdominal; stomach, 1st part of duodenum, small intestines, transverse colon, sigmoid colon, upper rectum, liver, spleen, appendix

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18
Q

The __________space includes structures that are behind the intraperitoneal space.

A

Retroperitoneal

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19
Q

Structures located in the primary retroperitoneal

A
  1. Kidneys
  2. Ureter
  3. Bladder
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20
Q

Structures located in the secondary retroperitoneal

A

Ascending and descending colon, pancreas, 2-4th part of duodenum

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21
Q

What differentiates the secondary retroperitoneal from the primary retroperitoneal?

A

In the secondary retroperitoneal, organs develop in the intraperitoneal, then become retroperitoneal

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22
Q

3 division of the abdominal cavity. What organs are present in each division?

A
  1. Foregut (Esophagus, stomach, first half of duodenum, liver, pancreas, gall bladder, spleen)
  2. Midgut (Second half of duodenum, jejunum, ileum, appendix, ascending colon, transverse colon (promixal 2/3 rds)
  3. Hindgut (Transverse colon (distal third), descending colon, sigmoid colon and rectum
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23
Q

The blood supply of the fore gut is supplied by the ________

A

Celiac trunk

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24
Q

The blood supply of the midgut is supplied by the _________

A

Superior mesenteric artery

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25
Q

The blood supply of the hindgut is supplied by the ___________

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

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26
Q

Functions of the peritoneum

A
  1. Reduces friction
  2. Supports organs
  3. Passageway for vessels and nerves to organs
27
Q

Which germ layer is the peritoneum derived from?

A

Mesoderm

28
Q

Bilaminar disc that peritoneum is derived from?

A

Epiblast

29
Q

The intermediate mesoderm develops into the ___________system.

A

Urogenital

30
Q

The paraxial mesoderm is also known as the ________

A

Somites

31
Q

The lateral mesoderm develops into the _______ and ________

A

Body wall; gut tube

32
Q

The _________ mesoderm gives rise to the mesothelial covering of the visceral organs

A

Splanchnic Mesoderm

33
Q

This double layer of the peritoneum extends from the liver to the lesser curvature of the stomach and the first part of duodenum

A

Lesser omentum

34
Q

This structure is a large apron-like fold of visceral peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach

A

Greater omentum

35
Q

Mesentery that joins the colon to the dorsal abdominal wall

A

Mesocolon

36
Q

The greater omentum includes the___________, _________ and __________ ligaments

A

Gastrocolic; Gastrosplenic; gastrophrenic

37
Q

The lesser omentum can further be broken down in which ligaments

A
  1. Hepatoduodenal
  2. Hepatogastric
38
Q

The __________ ligament droops down from the hilum of the liver

A

Falciform

39
Q

The free taenia is made up of _________ muscle

A

Smooth

40
Q

What are paracolic gutters and what are their roles

A
  1. Spaces between colon and abdominal wall
  2. Allows passage for infectious fluids from different compartments of abdomen
41
Q

The ___________ foramen is the passageway of communication between the greater sac and lesser sac

A

Epiploic

42
Q

The lesser sac is also known as the _________________ and is the cavity of the abdomen that is formed by the lesser and greater omentum.

A

Omental bursa

43
Q

The retrocecal fossa is a small peritoneal recess placed behind the _______

A

Cecum

44
Q

Function of the Spleen

A
  1. Synthesizes antibodies
  2. Removes antibody coated bacteria
  3. Removes old RBC
  4. Recycles Iron
45
Q

The spleen is developed within dorsal _________, which is the mesentery of the stomach.

A

Mesogastrium

46
Q

Two important ligaments of the spleen

A
  1. Gastrosplenic
  2. Splenorenal
47
Q

Function of the liver

A
  1. Stores glycogen
  2. Plasma protein synthesis
  3. Detoxification
  4. Produces Bile
48
Q

The liver is developed by the hepatic ________ into ventral mesentery and septum transversum

A

Diverticulum

49
Q

Ventral mesentery of the liver

A

Falciform ligament

50
Q

The septum transversum is also known as the __________

A

Diaphragm

51
Q

4 important ligaments of the liver

A
  1. Coronary ligament
  2. Left triangular ligament
  3. Right Triangular Ligament
  4. Falciform ligament
52
Q

The _____________ ligament comprises the portal triad

A

Hepatoduodenal

53
Q

The portal triad of liver includes:

A
  1. Hepatic artery proper
  2. Hepatic portal vein
  3. Common Bile Duct
54
Q

The pancreas has both ____________ and ___________ function

A

Endocrine; exocrine

55
Q

Endocrine function of pancreas

A

Secretes insulin and glucagon

56
Q

Exocrine function of pancreas

A

Secretes enzymes that break down food

57
Q

_______________ is the most common congenital abnormality of the small intestine

A

Meckel’s diverticulum

58
Q

Meckel’s diverticulum is caused by an incomplete obliteration of the _____________ duct

A

Vitelline

59
Q

___________ is the inflammation of the appendix

A

Appendicitis

60
Q

The visceral layer is derived from the ________

A

Splanchic mesodermal layer

61
Q

The parietal layer is derived from the ____________

A

Somatic mesodermal layer

62
Q

The pancreas dumps into the ________ and enters through a _________

A

Duodenum; papilla

63
Q

The __________ is a structure embryo that connects the gut lumen to the yolk sac

A

Vitelline

Exam 2 (PARP) (17 decks)

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