Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Exam 2 (PARP) > Membrane Transport > Flashcards

Membrane Transport Flashcards

1
Q

What are the two types of channel proteins? What are the characteristics of each?

A

Leakage channels (always open)

Gated channels (controlled by chemical or electrical signals)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Characteristics of carrier and channel proteins

A

Exhibit specificity

Are saturable (rate is determined by number of carriers or channels)

Can be regulated in terms of activity and quantity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Hypertonic

A

A solution having greater solute concentration than that if the cytosol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

How does Ca2+ ATPase work?

A
  1. Calcium and ATP binding
  2. Phosphorylation of aspartate
  3. Conformational change
  4. Calcium release
  5. Dephosphorylation
  6. Conformational change
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Sodium- potassium pump. Type of transport

A

Active; Antiport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Membrane permeability equation

A

Membrane permeability = lipid solubility/ molecular size

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Types of Membrane Transport

A

Simple Diffusion

Carrier- mediated transport

Vesicular Transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Channel mediated facilitated diffusion

A

Through a channel protein; mostly ions

Selected on basis of size and charge

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Types of simple diffusion

A

Through lipid bilateral

osmosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Transmembrane integral proteins transport specific ____________ proteins.

A

polar

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Examples of antiport carriers

A
  1. Na+- H+
  2. Na+- Ca2+
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Edematous patients

A

Patients that are swollen because of water is retained in their tissues

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

When solutions of different osmolarity are separated by a membrane, osmosis occurs until _______ is reached.

A

Equilibrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Types of vesicular transport

A

Endocytosis

Exocytosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Certain lipophobic molecules use _____ proteins or _______ proteins.

A

Carrier; channel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Changing the _______ of the lipid layer can increase or decrease membrane permeability.

A

composition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How does the sodium potassium pump work?

A
  1. Sodium and ATP binding
  2. Phosphorylation of aspartate
  3. Conformational change
  4. Sodium release; potassium binding
  5. Dephosphorylation and conformational change
  6. Potassium release
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What substances are membrane permeable?

A

Gases, small uncharged polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What substance are not membrane permeable?

A

Large uncharged polar molecules, ions, and charged polar molecules

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

The sodium-potassium pump maintains __________________ gradients essential for functions of muscle and nerve tissues.

A

Electrochemical

21
Q

What does secondary transport depend on?

A

An ion gradient created by primary active transport

22
Q

Examples of isotonic solutions

A

0.9 % Saline

5% Glucose

23
Q

Isotonic

A

A solution with the same solute concentration as that of the cytosol

24
Q

H+-K+ ATPase

A

Active; Antiport

25
Q

Two types of Secondary active transport

A

Symport system; Antiport system

26
Q

Which type of transport always transports more than one substance at a time?

A

Secondary Active transport

27
Q

What is facilitated diffusion using channel proteins?

A

Aqueous channels formed by transmembrane proteins that selectively transport ions or water

28
Q

Osmolarity

A

The measure of the total concentration of solute particles

29
Q

Water diffuses through water channels called _________.

A

Aquaporins

30
Q

______ particles displace water molecules.

A

Solute

31
Q

Osmosis

A

Movement of solvent from a high concentration to a low concentration

32
Q

Substances move across the plasma membrane by passive processes, which depend on the _______ of molecules, and by active processes, which depend on the use of _________.

A

Kinetic energy; cellular energy

33
Q

Calcium ATPase

A

Active; Uniport

34
Q

Binding of _________ causes shape change in carrier.

A

Substrate

35
Q

Fick’s Law of Diffusion

A

Rate of diffusion= (surface area x concentration gradient x membrane permeability)/membrane thickness

36
Q

Tonicity

A

The ability of a solution to cause a cell to shrink or swell

37
Q

What is Brownian Motion?

A

the random motion of particles suspended in a fluid resulting from their collision with the fast-moving molecules in the fluid

38
Q

Energy from the hydrolysis of ________ causes shape change in transport protein so that bound solute ions are pumped across the membrane.

A

ATP

39
Q

Hypotonic

A

A solution having lesser solute concentration that that of the cytosol

40
Q

Which forms of transport require ATP?

A

Active transport

41
Q

How does the ATP-driven Na+-K+ pump store energy?

A

By creating a steep concentration gradient for the sodium entry into the cell

42
Q

Which types of molecules can participate in simple diffusion across the membrane?

A

Fat soluble

43
Q

Factors affecting rate of diffusion through a cell membrane.

A

Lipid solubility

Molecular size

Concentration gradient

Membrane surface area

Composition of lipid layer

44
Q

Where is the Na-K pump located?

A

In all plasma membranes

45
Q

Types of carrier-mediated Transport

A

Facilitated diffusion

Primary active transport

Secondary Active transport

46
Q

Examples of Symport Carriers

A
  1. Na+K+ -2Cl-
  2. Na+- glucose
  3. Na- + amino acids
  4. Na+- bile salts
  5. Na+ choline uptake
  6. Na+ neaurotransmitter uptake
  7. HCo3- Cl-
47
Q

Active transport

A

Moves solutes HYDROLYSIS against a concentration gradient

48
Q

H+- ATPase or proton pump

A

Active; Uniport

Exam 2 (PARP) (17 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions