Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

PHTH 545 > Peripheral nerve injury > Flashcards

Peripheral nerve injury Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 types of nerve injuries?

A
  1. neuropraxia
  2. axonotmesis
  3. neurotmesis
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

______ = segmental demyelination, transient disruption, fast recovery with good prognosis

A

neuropraxia

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

______ = loss of axon continuity, prolonged disruption, longer recovery with fair prognosis

A

axonotmesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

______ = completely severed, recovery only possible with surgery with variable prognosis

A

neurotmesis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What are 4 ways to injure a nerve?

A
  1. compression
  2. traction
  3. avulsion
  4. laceration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are 4 S & S of a peripheral nerve injury?

A
  1. altered/absent sensatin in nerve distribution
  2. decreased strength in muscles innervated by that nerve
  3. diminished reflex
  4. sympathetic changes
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Scapular ______ in common in long thoracic n. injury

A

winging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Long thoracic nerve roots?

A

C5-7

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Median nerve roots?

A

C5-T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Where are common places for median n to get impinged?

A
  1. between pronator heads

2. carpal tunnel

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

S & S of median nerve palsy?

A

loss of dexterity in thumb and thenar wasting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Where are common sites for ulnar n to get impinged?

A
  1. cubital tunnel
  2. tunnel of guyon
  3. FCU
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

S & S of ulnar n palsy?

A

lose adduction strength in thumb; add and abd control of fingers; pt may complain of feeling clumsy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Radial n roots?

A

C5-T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Axillary n roots?

A

C5-6

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Where can radial n get impinged?

A

with crutches, radial head #, humeral head #, and beneath supinator

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

S & S of radial n palsy?

A

loss of use of triceps, wrist extensors and weaker supination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

How can axillary n get injured?

A

humeral head #

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Test for axillay n health?

A

test abduction, ER

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Nerve roots of lateral cutaneous n ?

A

L2-3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

Is lateral cutaneous n sensory, motor or both?

A

sensory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Sensory distribution of lateral cutaneous n ?

A

lateral thigh

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is impingement of the lateral cutaneous nerve called?

A

meralgia paresthetica

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are 3 causes of meralgia paresthetica?

A
  1. obesity
  2. pregnancy
  3. tight pants
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Obturator n roots?
L2-4
26
Motor innervations of obturator n?
innervates medial compartment of thigh (obturator)
27
Sensory innervations of obturator n?
cutaneous branch innervates skin of the medial thigh
28
Femoral n roots?
L2-4
29
Motor innervations of femoral n?
anterior thigh muscles that flex hip joint (pectineus, iliac, sartorius) and extend knee (quads)
30
Sensory innervations of femoral n?
Supplies cutaneous branches to the anteromedial thigh (anterior cutaneous branches of the femoral n) and the medial side of the leg and foot (saphenous n)
31
Sciatic n roots?
L4-S3
32
Motor innervations of sciatic n ?
muscles of the post thigh and the hamstring portion of the adductor magnus. indirectly innervates the muscles of leg and foot
33
Sensory innervations of sciatic n?
no directly sensory functions, indirectly innervates (via terminal branches) the skin of lateral leg, heel, and both the dorsal and plantar surfaces of the foot
34
____ n = damaged in injuries to tarsal tunnel
tibial
35
Injury to nerve root = _______
radiculopathy
36
Injury to periperhal nerve = _______ _________
peripheral neuropathy
37
Damage to _____ ____ = fatiguable weakness
nerve root
38
Damage to _______ ____ = muscle will test weak from the beginning
peripheral nerve
39
Suprascapular n roots?
C5-6
40
What 3 management strategies must occur in the recovery phase of nerve injuries ?
1. motor retraining 2. desensitization 3. discriminative sensory re-education
41
What two management strategies occur in the chronic phase of nerve injuries?
1. compensatory function | 2. preventive care
42
______ = group of disorders that involve compression of 1+ neuromuscular elements as they traverse the thoracic outlet
TOS
43
What are the 5 possible types of TOS?
1. arterial 2. venous 3. traumatic neuromuscular 4. true neurogenic 5. symptomatic
44
What are 3 key impingement areas in TOS?
1. scalene triangle 2. costoclavicular space 3. axillary interval
45
What are the 2 possible causes of TOS?
1. congenital abnormalities | 2. trauma
46
Arterial TOS is caused by compression of the ________ artery
subclavian
47
Most common cause of arterial TOS?
cervical rib
48
Pathology of venous TOS = venous thrombosis involving _____-______ veins
sub-axillary
49
_____ ______ TOS = lower plexus is stretched and angulated by presence of fibrous band from 1st rib to a cervical rib or a large transverse process on C7
true neurological
50
What nerve roots will be effected in true neurological TOS?
C8 & T1
51
______ ______ TOS = rare and usually following a clavicular #
traumatic neuromuscular
52
______ TOS = more common in females, frequently bilateral
symptomatic
53
Symptomatic TOS = likely compression or traction injury of _______ ______ within the thoracic outlet
brachial plexus
54
Injury to the brachial plexus, seen in symptomatic TOS, results in what 3 things?
1. scalene muscle fibrosis 2. scar tissue 3. muscle imbalance
55
Lower plexus type symptomatic TOS clinical features?
pain in neck or supraclavicular region and radiates along medial arm, forearm and hand
56
Upper plexus type symptomatic TOS clinical features?
pain in shoulder region and radiates into ipsilateral head and neck, upper thorax and proximal arm
57
What are 6 special tests for TOS?
1. allen's 2. adson's 3. ROOS test or elevated arm stress test 4. hyperabduction test 5. costoclaivculr maneuver 6. supraclavicular pressure
58
Pulse alteration of paresthesias are ________ when interpreting TOS tests
unreliable
59
Low false-positive rates when a positive outcome is followed by _____ after the test
pain
60
How long does the ROOS test last for?
3 mins
61
When there is decreased strength in shoulder girdle muscles on symptomatic side, especially upper and middle traps, substitution or increased recruitment of ____, _____ _____ and ____ ______ also occurs; leading to what 3 positions of the scapula?
rhomboids, levator scap, pec minor; downward rotation; depression; anterior tilt
62
What are 6 steps in the conservative treatment of symptomatic TOS?
1. decrease compression 2. increase extensibility of tight tissue 3. mobilize restricted joints 4. strengthen weak muscles 5. postural re-education 6. re-educate breathing patterns

PHTH 545 (23 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions