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PHTH 545 > Intro to MSK > Flashcards

Intro to MSK Flashcards

1
Q

What are two parts of the Canadian approach to manual therapy?

A
  1. Differential diagnosis

2. Biomechanical examination

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2
Q

_______ ________ = assessments of movement dysfunction by looking at the joint kinematics

A

biomechanical examination

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3
Q

What are 3 manual therapy articular techniques

A
  1. joint mobilization
  2. joint manipulation
  3. traction
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4
Q

What are 3 manual therapy soft tissue techniques ?

A
  1. deep transverse friction massage
  2. trigger point release
  3. myofascial techniques
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5
Q

_____ is a strategy used to teach people in chronic pain the neurobiology and neurophysiology involved in their pain experience

A

PNE

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6
Q

______ focuses less on anatomical and pathoanatomical models and is more hands off

A

PNE

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7
Q

______ _____ position = position in which the greatest degree of mobility between articular surfaces is available

A

open pack

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8
Q

_____ _____ position = position in which the least degree of mobility between articular surfaces is available

A

close pack

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9
Q

_________ movement = gross movement of limb or body parts relative to one another that the pt can perform voluntarily

A

osteokinematic

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10
Q

_________ movement = relative motion that occurs between joint surfaces

A

arthokinematic

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11
Q

Arthrokinematic movement also known as ________ movements

A

accessory

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12
Q

Is arthrokinematic movement necessary for full motion to be achieved?

A

YES

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13
Q

What are 3 arthrokinematic movements?

A
  1. roll
  2. slide/glide
  3. spin
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14
Q

When the convex joint surface moves on a fixed concave surface, the direction of the joint glide is _______ the direction of bone displacement

A

opposite

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15
Q

When the concave joint surface moves on a fixed convex surface, the direction the joint glides is in the ____ direction as the bone displacement

A

same

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16
Q

Joint mobilization may include a combo of both _______ and _________ movements

A

physiologic; accessory

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17
Q

When joint motion is usually restricted, joint ______ and ______ is usually impaired

A

rolling; gliding

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18
Q

What do we use when joint motion is restricted?

A

distractions and glides

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19
Q

_________ _____ = the plane where the joint glide normally occurs during movement

A

treatment plane

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20
Q

Treatment plane = located at a _____ angle to a line drawn from the axis of rotation to the center of the concave articulating surface

A

right

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21
Q

________ = force is applied in a direction that is perpendicular and away from the treatment plane

A

distraction/traction

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22
Q

____ = force is applied in a direction parallel to the treatment plane

A

glide

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23
Q

Grade __ = before R1, small amplitude

A

1

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24
Q

Grade __ = before R 1, large amplitude

A

2

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25
Q

Grade ___ = between R1 and R2, large amplitude

A

3

26
Q

Grade __ = at end near R2, small amplitude

A

4

27
Q

Grade __ = small amplitude, high speed, thrust at R2 and beyond

A

5

28
Q

What grades do you choose for pain relief?

A

1 and 2

29
Q

What grades do you choose for stiff and non-irritable joints ?

A

3 and 4

30
Q

What are the 3 effects of joint mobilizations?

A
  1. neurophysiological
  2. mechanical
  3. psychological
31
Q

What are 3 neurophysiological effects of grades 1-5 joint mobs?

A
  1. firing or articular mechanoreceptors, proprioceptors
  2. firing of cutaneous and muscular receptors
  3. altered nociception
32
Q

What are 4 mechanical effects of grade 3-5 joint mobs?

A
  1. stretching of joint restrictions
  2. breaking of adhesions
  3. alter positional relationships
  4. reduce/eliminate barriers to normal motio
33
Q

What are 3 psychological effects of grades 1-5 joint mobs?

A
  1. confidence gained through improvement
    • effects from manual contact
  3. response to joint sounds
34
Q

What are 6 examples of indications for manual therapy?

A
  1. to improve accessory or physiological movement
  2. to reduce positional faults/subluxation and restore normal articular relationship
  3. to relieve pain
  4. enhance motor function via neurophysiological effects
  5. to improve nutrition to intra-articular structures by promoting mobility
  6. to reduce muscle guarding
35
Q

When assessing joint play and joint motion barriers, what 3 things should you assess for?

A
  1. quantity of movement
  2. end feel
  3. presence of pain
36
Q

What is the rate of oscillations in the Maitland grading system?

A

2-3 Hz

37
Q

In the Maitland grading system, oscillate in __ - __ s intervals until desired effect is reached in grade I or II mobs

A

10-30

38
Q

In the Maitland grading system, oscillate in __ - __ s intervals until desired effect is reached in grade III or IV mobs

A

30-60

39
Q

Kaltenborn grading system = sustained for cycles of __-__ s holds

A

6-10

40
Q

Kaltenborn grade __ = small amplitude distraction

A

1

41
Q

Kaltenborn grade __ = distraction to take up the slack

A

2

42
Q

Kaltenborn grade __ = distraction to glide or stretch tissue

A

3

43
Q

When mobilization involves joint glides, the _______ grading system is most commonly used

A

Maitland

44
Q

When choosing to provide separation between joint surfaces the ________ grading system is often used

A

Kaltenborn

45
Q

When P>R, what treatment and what grade?

A

traction; grade I

46
Q

When P = R, what treatment and what grade?

A

traction OR glides from neutral - midrange; grade I - II

47
Q

When R>P, what treatment and what grade?

A

glides into barrier; grade III - IV

48
Q

When no pain, just R, what treatment and what grade?

A

glides OR constant stretch into barrier OR manipulation; grade IV or V

49
Q

What are 3 purposes of a deep transverse friction massage?

A
  1. prevent or destroy abnormal fibrous adhesions
  2. optimize quality of scar
  3. enhance normal healing
50
Q

Indication for DTFM for muscle?

A

subacute or chronic

51
Q

Indication for DTFM for tendon?

A

acute or chronic

52
Q

Indication for DTFM for ligament?

A

acute or chronic

53
Q

Position of muscle in DTFM?

A

muscle belly relaxed

54
Q

Position of tendon in DTFM?

A

tendon on pain free stretch

55
Q

Position of ligament in DTFM?

A

ligament on pain free stretch

56
Q

Analgesic effects of DTFM within __-__ mins; can then go deeper if indicated and tolerated by pt

A

2-3

57
Q

DTFM should include steady, rhythmical movements (__-__ Hz per second)

A

2-3

58
Q

Duration of DTFM for acute?

A

gentle, up to 10 min

59
Q

Duration of DTFM for chronic ?

A

up to 15 mins

60
Q

Frequency of DTFM ?

A

every other day

61
Q

_______ ______ = longitudinal force applied in an effort to separate the vertebrae

A

spinal traction

62
Q

What are 8 effects of spinal traction?

A
  1. separation of vertebral bodies
  2. increase IVF area
  3. mechanoreceptor stimulation / pain inhibition
  4. disc related changes
  5. decreased muscle spasm
  6. mobilization of zygopophyhseal joints
  7. mobilization of muscles and connective tissue
  8. improved circulation

PHTH 545 (23 decks)

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