Hydrotherapy

Question 1

Archimedes principle = ______ _____ is equal to the mass of fluid displaced by a submerged body

Answer 1

upward thrust

Question 2

When standing in water, we are subjected to what two opposing forces?

Answer 2

1. force of gravity

2. force of buoyancy

Question 3

______ ______ = ratio of density of an object compared to mass of an equal volume of water

Answer 3

relative density

Question 4

Is the relative density of the average human body greater or less than relative density of water? Does this RD value mean we tend to sink or float?1

Answer 4

LESS (barely); we will float just under the water r

Question 5

What are the three types of buoyancy?

Answer 5

1. assisted
2. supported
3. resisted

Question 6

C of G = _______

Answer 6

metacentre

Question 7

Where is the C of G located

Answer 7

slightly anterior to S2

Question 8

C of B = within posterior ______.

Answer 8

thorax

Question 9

_________ principle = opposing effects of gravity and buoyancy act as a force couple

Answer 9

metacentric

Question 10

________ effect = a body seeking stable equilibrium will rotate until the CG and CG are vertically aligned

Answer 10

metacentric

Question 11

The more _______ a pt is the more rotation

Answer 11

asymmetric

Question 12

_______ law = pressure is exerted equally on all surfaces of an immersed body at rest and at a given depth

Answer 12

Pascals’

Question 13

Pressure increases in the water with depth by ___ psi/foot

Answer 13

.43

Question 14

Hydrostatic pressure (increases/decreases) distal swelling and (increases/decresases) venous return and central blood volume.

Answer 14

decreases; increases

Question 15

Hydrostatic pressure causes (increased/decreased) resistance to inspiration.

Answer 15

increased

Question 16

Density of water is ___x that of air

Answer 16

800

Question 17

As speed of movement in water increases, resistance (increases/decreases)

Answer 17

increases

Question 18

_____ = created by differences in the water pressure between the front and back of an object as it moves through the water

Answer 18

drag

Question 19

The effect of drag is that pressure increases at the ___ of the object and decreases at the ____.

Answer 19

front; rear

Question 20

As speed increases, resistance increases by a __:__ ration.

Answer 20

1:4

Question 21

What are the two ways to alter the resistance of the water?

Answer 21

1. Laminar

2. Turbulent

Question 22

______ = continuous steady movement of fluid, rate of movement at a fixed point is constant

Answer 22

laminar

Question 23

______ = irregular movement of a fluid, rate of movement at a fixed point varies

Answer 23

turbulent

Question 24

Water is an efficient heat ______, and transfer heat __x faster than air

Answer 24

conductor; 25

Question 25

At rest humans in water will gain or lost heat very quickly if water temp is not at thermoneutral (__-__ degrees celsius)

Answer 25

33-35

Question 26

______ = transfer of heat directly from one medium to another r

Answer 26

conduction

Question 27

______ = transfer of heat through movement of a fluid against a body

Answer 27

convection

Question 28

_____ ______ = molecules at the surface do not have other like molecules on all sides of them and consequently they cohere more strongly to those directly associated with them on the surface

Answer 28

surface tension

Question 29

Beware of movements that continually/repeatedly break the ______ _____, they will be abrupt and disrupted.

Answer 29

surface tension

Question 30

What are the 3 types of buoyancy movements, and what muscle strength do they use?

Answer 30

1. assisted (<3/5)
2. supported (=3/5)
3. resisted (>3/5)

Question 31

Does immersion in water at rest increase or decrease blood pressure? Stroke volume? Heart rate?

Answer 31

decrease; increase; decrease

Question 32

Does immersion in water at rest increase or decrease vital capacity? Work of breathing?

Answer 32

decrease; increase

Question 33

Immersion in water at rest = ____ blood supply to muscle as hydrostatic pressure removes the biological need for _______ vasoconstriction of muscle blood vessels.

Answer 33

increase; sympathetic

Question 34

Immersion in water at rest = Increase in O2 and metabolic waste product removal by over ____%

Answer 34

200

Question 35

Immersion in water at rest inhibits spastic muscles (T/F).

Answer 35

TRUE

Question 36

Immersion in water at rest ____ blood flow to kidneys, and increases urine output. Why?

Answer 36

increases; due to sodium loss, potassium

Question 37

Renal responses increase with increases _____ of immersion and in _____ water.

Answer 37

depth; cold

Question 38

Energy expenditure is related to _________ principles and overcoming drag rather than moving body weight.

Answer 38

hydrodynamic

Question 39

Water exercise training and land exercise training at the same level of intensity will produce similar improvement in VO2 max, decreases in HR and decreases in BP, and HR and VO2 levels during training are very similar (T/F).

Answer 39

FALSE ; HR and VO2 levels during training differ markedly

Question 40

Is water or land based exercise superior for tot’s with knee OA?

Answer 40

WATEER

Question 41

In water, the effect of inertia is added to other effects from _______.

Answer 41

viscosity

Question 42

Is the action/reaction force more or less apparent in the water?

Answer 42

more

Question 43

Long _____ can be used to increase intensity in water exercises

Answer 43

levers

Question 44

Frontal resistance results from the _______ forces of the water

Answer 44

horizontal

Question 45

In water, _____ is not the primary force acting on the body because the vertical downward pull of gravity is offset by the upward vertical force of ______.

Answer 45

gravity; buoyancy