Penicillins Flashcards
What are the natural penicillins
1) Penicillin V potassium
2) Penicillin G Aqueous
3) Penicillin G Benzathine
4) Penicillin G Procaine
What is the brand name of Penicillin G Benzathine
Bicillin L-A
What is the black box warning of Penicillin G Benzathine
Not for IV use; can cause cardio-respiratory arrest and death
What are the aminopenicillins?
1) Amoxicillin
2) Amoxicillin/Clavulanate
3) Ampicillin
4) Ampicillin/Sulbactam
What are dosage forms of Amoxicillin
Tablet, capsule, chewable, suspension
What is the brand name for Amoxicillin/Clavulanate
Augmentin
What are the dosage forms of Amoxicillin/Clavulanate
Tablet, chewable, suspension
What are the dosage forms of Ampicillin
Injection, capsule, suspension
What is the brand name of Ampicillin/Sulbactam
Unasyn
How should Penicillin G Benzathine be given?
IM
What is the dosage form of Ampicillin/Sulbactam
Innjection
What is a contraindication for aminopenacillins
In severe renal impairment CrCl < 30 mL/min, do not use extended-release oral forms of amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate, or 875 mg strength of amoxicillin / clavulanate
What are the extended-spectrum penicillins
Pipercillin/Tazobactam
What is the brand name of pipercillin/tazobactam
Zosyn
What is the dosage form of pipercillin/tazobactam
Injection
How should pipercillin/tazobactam be prolonged or extended infused
3.375-4.5 g IV Q8H, each dose infused over 4 hours
What are class wide side effects of penicillins
Seizures with accumulation, GI upset, rash including SJS/TEN
IV ampicillin and ampicillin/sulbactam must be diluted inn what
Normal saline only
What are the anti-staphylococcal penicillins
1) Dicloxacillin
2) Nafcillin
3) Oxacillin
What is the dosage form of Naficillin
Injection
What type of penicillin is preferred for MSSA soft tissue, bone and joint, endocarditis, and bloodstream infections
Anti-staphylococcal penicillins
True or false, renal adjustment is required for Anti-staphylococcal penicillins
False
How should naficillin be administered and why
Through a central line because it is an vesicant
What happens if naficillin extravasation occurs
Use cold packs and hyaluronidase injections
Probenecid has what affect on beta-lactams
Increases the levels of beta-lactams
Penicillin VK is first line treatment for?
Outpatient: Strep throat and mild non purulent skin infections
Amoxicillin is is first line treatment for?
Outpatient: Acute otitis media, Infective endocarditis prophylaxis before dental procedures
True or false? Dicloxacillin and Oxacillin cover MSSA only
True
Amoxicillin/Clavulanate is first line treatment for?
Outpatient: Otitis media and sinus infection
How should Amoxicillin/Clavulanate be dosed?
Using lowest dose of Clavulanate to decrease diarrhea
Penicillin G Benzathine is drug of choice for?
Syphilis
True or false, Zosyn is the only penicillin active against pseudomonas?
True
