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Naplex ID Section > Cephalosporins > Flashcards

Cephalosporins Flashcards

1
Q

True or false, as a class, cephalosporins are active against Enterococcus spp

A

False

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2
Q

What does first generation cephalosporins cover?

A

Gram positive cocci (Streptococci and staphylococci)

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3
Q

When is a first generation cephalosporin preferred

A

MSSA infection

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4
Q

Cefuroxime covers what?

A

Staphylococci, more resistant strains of S. Pneumoniae, , Haemophilus, Neisseria, Proteus, E. Coli, Klebsiella

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5
Q

Cefotetan and Cefoxitin have the same added coverage as Cefuroxime plus what

A

Gram negative anaerobes B. Fragilis

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6
Q

What does Ceftriaxone and Cefotaxime cover?

A

More resistant streptococci, staphylococci (MSSA), gram positive anaerobes (mouth flora) and more resistant strains of HNPEK

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7
Q

Ceftazidime lacks what but covers what?

A

Lacks gram-positive activity but covers pseudomonas

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8
Q

Ceftazidime/avibactam and ceftolozone/tazobactam have added what?

A

Activity against MDR pseudomonas and other gram negative rods

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9
Q

What does Cefepime cover

A

Gram-negative HNPEK, CAPES, and Pseudomonas, as well as gram positive activity similar to ceftriaxone

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10
Q

True or false ceftaroline is the only beta-lactam that covers MRSA

A

True

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11
Q

Ceftraoline covers what?

A

gram negative activity similar to ceftriaxone and broad gram positive coverage

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12
Q

List all first generation cephalosporins

A

1) Cefazolin
2) Cephalexin
3) Cefadroxil

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13
Q

Brand name of Cefazolin

A

Ancef

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14
Q

Brand name used of Cephalexin

A

Keflex

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15
Q

Dose of Cephalexin

A

PO 250-500 mg Q6-12h

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16
Q

List all second generation cephalosporins

A

1) Cefuroxime
2) Cefotetan
3) Cefaclor
4) Cefoxitin
5) Cefprozil

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17
Q

What is the brand name of Cefuroxime

A

Ceftin

18
Q

What is the brand name of Cefotetan

A

Cefotan

19
Q

List all the third generation cephalosporins

A

1) Cefdinir
2) Ceftriaxone
3) Cefotaxime
4) Cefditoren
5) Cefixime
6) Cefpodoxime
7) Ceftibuten
8) Ceftazidime
9) Ceftazidime/Avibactam
10) Ceftolozane/Tazobactam

20
Q

What is the brand name of Cefdinir

A

Omnicef

21
Q

What is the brand name of ceftriaxone

A

Rocephin

22
Q

What is the brand name of Ceftazidime

A

Fortaz

23
Q

List all the fourth generation cephalosporins

A

Cefepime

24
Q

List all the fifth generation cephalosporins

A

Ceftaroline fosamil

25
Q

What is the bran name of ceftaroline fosamil

A

Teflaro

26
Q

What is the contraindication of ceftriaxone

A

Hyperbilirubinemic neonates; concurrent use with calcium-containing IV products in neonates 28 days old

27
Q

True or false, there is a cross sensitivity of cephalosporins with penicillin allergy and should be not used in patients with a type 1 penicillin allergy

A

True

28
Q

What is a warning when using cefotetan specifically

A

Because of its side chain, it can increase the risk of bleeding and cause a disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol ingestion

29
Q

Class wide side effects with cephalosporins

A

Seizures with accumulation, GI upset, diarrhea, rash

30
Q

Which cephalosporin does not require renal adjustment?

A

Cefrtriaxone

31
Q

True or false, cefixime is available in a chewable tablet

A

True

32
Q

What is an added bonus of Ceftazidime/avibactam

A

It covers some carbapenem resistant enterobacteriaceae

33
Q

What is the common use of Cephalexin

A

Out patient: skin infections (MSSA), strep throat

34
Q

What is the common use of Cefuroxime

A

Outpatient: acute otitis media, community acquired pneumonia, sinus infection

35
Q

What is the common use of Cefdinir

A

Outpatient: CAP, Sinus infection

36
Q

What is the common use of Cefazolin

A

Inpatient: surgical prophylaxis

37
Q

What is the common use of Cefotetan and Cefoxitin

A

Inpatient: Surgical prophylaxis (colorectal procedures)

38
Q

What is the common use of ceftriaxone and cefotaxime

A

Inpatient: CAP, meningitis, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, pyelonephritis

39
Q

What do ceftazidime and cefepime have in common

A

Active against pseudomonas

40
Q

What is a DDI with Cefuroxime, cefpodoxime, cefdinir, and cefditoren?

A

Separate by 2 hours from antacids. Avoid H2RAs and PPis

Naplex ID Section (21 decks)

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