pelvic viscera Flashcards
1
Q
A
2
Q
parts of the pelvic girdle
A
- sacrum
- innominate bones
- coccyx
3
Q
innominate bone
A
ilium
ischium
pubis
4
Q
features on the innominate bone
A
- symphyseal surface
- ischial tuberosity
- auricular surface
- iliopectineal line
- ischial spine
5
Q
sacrum and coccyx
A
- auricular surface
- sacral promontory
- sacral ala
- anterior sacral foramina
- coccyx
6
Q
pelvic joints
A
sacroiliac joints
symphysis pubis
7
Q
sacroiliac joint
A
- auricular surfaces of sacrum and ilium
8
Q
symphysis pubis
A
- fibrocartilaginous disc between left and right pubis (symphyseal surfaces)
9
Q
pelvic inlet (borders)
A
- sacral promontory
- sacral ala
- iliopectineal line
- symphysis pubis
10
Q
pelvic outlet (borders)
A
- coccyx
- ischial tuberosities
- symphysis pubis
11
Q
false pelvis
A
everything superior to the inlet
12
Q
A
13
Q
true pelvis
A
between inlet and outlet
- has the viscera
14
Q
which of the following is true
a. the interspinous distance is measured between the ischial tuberosities
b. the false pelvis is located between the pelvic inlet and pelvic
c. the false pelvis contains the pelvic viscera
d. the interspinous distance is measured between the ischial spines
A
d.
15
Q
pelvic diaphragm function
A
support pelvic viscera
16
Q
pelvic diaphragm features
A
urogenital hiatus
anal aperture
17
Q
muscles of pelvic diaphragm
A
levator ani group
coccygeus
18
Q
part of levator ani group
A
puborectalis
puboccygeus
iliococcygeus
coccygeus (ischioccygeus)
19
Q
puborectalis
A
pubis –> goes around the anal aperture
makes anal sling (hold rectum in place)
20
Q
pubococcygeus
A
pubis–> coccyx
21
Q
iliococcygeus
A
ilium–> coccyx
22
Q
coccygeus (ischioccygeus)
A
ischium–> coccyx
23
Q
which of the following pelvic diaphragm muscles DO NOT form the urogenital hiatus
a. puborectalis
b. ilioccygeus
c. puboccygeus
d. coccygeus
e. B and D
F. all but a
A
F
24
Q
pelvic viscera male
A
- vas deferens
- seminal vesicles
- ejaculatory ducts
- prostate gland
25
pelvic viscera female
- uterus
- uterine tubes
- ovaries
- vagina
26
pelvic viscera male and female (share)
bladder
ureters
sigmoid colon
rectum
27
broad ligament
covers female pelvic viscera
- double fold of peritoneum
- three divisions
28
the three division of the broad ligament
mesometrium
mesovarium
mesosalpinx
29
mesometrium
largest division of the ligament
covers the uterus and bladder
30
mesovarium
suspends ovaries from uterus tubes
31
mesoalpinx
surrounds uterine tubes
32
parts of the uterus
- fundus
- uterine cavity
- internal Os
- cervical canal
- cervix
- external Os
33
uterus ligaments
uterosacral lig
cardinal lig
round lig
34
uterosacral ligament
uterus to sacrum (more posterior)
35
carinal ligament
"wings"
project laterally
36
round ligament
attaches uterus to anterior cavity
37
uterine tubes (features)
isthmus (tube to the uterus)
ampulla
infundibulum
fimbriae (finger like that scoop up the eggs)
38
ovaries (functions)
- paired almond shaped organs
- located superior to the uterus
- produce ova (eggs)
- secrete estrogen & progesterone
39
ovaries (features)
- ovarian ligament
- suspensory ligament of the ovary (anchor them to the pelvic side wall)
- mesovarium
40
vagina
- opening to the external environment
- begins at the external os of the cervix
- posterior to the bladder
- protrusion of cervix creates fornixes
41
fornixes of vagina
posterior
anterior
lateral (2)
42
ductus (vas) deferens
sits on posterior surface of the bladder
43
seminal vesicles
- posterior surface of bladder
- lateral to ductus deferens (sorta below)
- glandular structures
- store and produce fluid that makes up a majority of semen
44
ejaculatory ducts
- formed by the union of the seminal vesicles and ductus deferens
45
prostate gland
- inferior to bladder
- walnut shaped
- traversed by the prostatic urethra
- prostatic utricle contracts to widen the opening of the ejaculatory ducts
46
sigmoid colon
- S shaped
- distal end of colon
- continuous with the rectum distally
- last section of colon
47
rectum
- continuous with the anal canal distal
two flexures:
1. sacral flexure
2. anorectal flexure
48
rectum- internal anatomy
3 transverse folds
- superior rectal fold
- middle rectal fold
- inferior rectal fold
3 lateral flexures
49
ureters (travel)
1. exits renal pelvis
2. pass posterior to gonadal vessels and anterior to psoas major
3. pass anterior to iliac vessels
4. enter the posterior aspect of the bladder
50
bladder (features)
apex (top of bladder)
body
ureters (posterior)
inside:
trigone
internal urethral orifice (opening bladder-->urthra)
urethra
51
location of males anatomy
prostate gland (middle)
- bladder (superior)
- pelvic diaphragm (inferior)
- symphysis pubis (anterior)
- Seminal vesicles (posterior)
52
location of female anantomy
bladder (middle)
- uterus (superior)
- pelvic diaphragm (inferior)
- symphysis pubis (anterior)
- vagina (posterior)
53
which of the following in INCORRECT?
a. the bladder is the most superior in the female pelvic cavity
b. the prostate contains the ejaculatory ducts
c. the rectum is posterior to the bladder
d. the pubis symphysis is anterior to the bladder
a
54
from the kidneys the ureters travel?
anterior to the iliac vessels
55
blood supply of uterus
internal iliac artery --> uterine artery
56
blood supply to ovaries
abdominal aorta--> r. ovarian artery--> L. ovarian artery
57
blood supply to sigmoid colon
inferior mesenteric artery--> sigmoidal artery
58
blood supply to rectum
inferior mesenteric artery--> superior rectal artery
internal iliac artery (off abdominal aorta) --> middle rectal artery--> inferior rectal artery
59
innervation of pelvic viscera
innervated by the autonomic nervous system
- sympathetic NS
- parasympathetic NS
60
sympathetic innveration
preganglionic neurons in L1 & L2--> inferior mesenteric ganglion, or inferior hypogastric plexus --> pelvic viscera
61
sympathetic innervation pelvic viscera (function)
INHBITS the bladder, EXCITIES the internal urethral sphincter- prevents urination
INHIBITS peristaltic contraction, EXCITIES internal anal sphincter- prevents defecation
EXCITIES uterine contraction
62
parasympathetic innervation
preganglionic neurons: S2, S3, S4 --> pelvic splanchnic nerves--> pelvic viscera
63
parasympathetic innervation of pelvic viscera (functions)
excites the bladder, inhibits the internal urethral sphincter- allows urination
excites peristaltic contraction, inhibits internal anal sphincter- allows defecation
inhibits uterine contraction
64
which of the follwoing is right?
a. para innervation to the pelvic viscera causes an increase in peristalsis
b. the uterus is supplied directly from branches of the abdominal aorta
c. the rectum is supplied only by the inferior mesenteric artery
d. the internal iliac arteries supply the uterus via the uterine arteries
a. and b.
