oral cavity and esophagus Flashcards
digestive process
chemical process of it begins in the mouth
the areas of the oral cavity
oral vestibule
oral cavity proper
oral vestibule
upper lip—> upper teeth
lower lip—> lower teeth
associated structures with oral vestibule
- superior labial frenulum (attach lip to gums)
- inferior labial frenulum
- gingivae
borders of the oral cavity proper
superior:
- hard palate
- soft palate
inferior:
- tongue
posterior:
- palatoglossal arch
- palatopharyngeal arch
associated structures with the oral cavity proper
uvula
palatine tonsils
lingual frenulum
organs associated with oral cavity
salivary glands
- parotid gland
- submandibular gland
- sublingual gland
- minor glands
salivary glands
mucous (lubrication)
serous (enzyme-containing)
or seromucous
parotid gland
- found anterior to ears
- between masseter and skin
- stensons ducts opens behind second upper molar- SEROUS
- cranial nerve IX
submandibular gland
- inferior to mandible and in between digastric muscles
- Wharton’s ducts open lateral to lingual frenulum SEROMUCOUS
- cranial nerve VII
sublingual gland
- floor of oral cavity inferior to tongue
- Bartholin’s ducts connects with Wharton’s ducts MUCOUS
- cranial nerve VII
choose the correct statement
a. the parotid gland is a mucous producing gland
b. Stenson duct open anterior to the 2nd upper molar
c. cranial nerve IX supplies the sublingual gland
d. cranial nerve IX supplies the parotid gland
d.
tongue
- lingual tonsil (immune system)
- foliate papillae (taste buds)
- fungiform papillae (taste buds)
- filiform papillae (NO taste buds)
- circumvallate papillae (taste buds)
innervation of the tongue (taste)
CN X
CN IX (post 1/3 tongue)
CN VII (chorda tympani)
innervation of the tongue (general sensation)
CN X
CN IX
CN V3
choose the INCORRECT statement
a. the oral cavity proper is bound by the teeth anteriorly and arch posteriorly
b. cranial nerve VII supplies taste to the anterior 2/3 of the tongue
c. cranial nerve IX supplies sensation and taste to the epiglottis
d. cranial nerve XII provides motor innervation to the tongue
c.
general anatomy of teeth
root
neck
crown
details of the teeth
- dentin
- periodontal ligaments
- apical foramen
- alveolar bone
- pulp cavity
- enamel
types of teeth
molar (crush)
premolar (grinding)
canine (sheading)
incisor (slicing)
deciduous teeth (baby teeth)
per quadrant
- 2 incisors
- 1 canine
- 2 molars
permanent teeth (adult teeth)
per quadrant
- 2 incisors
- 1 canine
- 2 premolars
- 3 molars
why do we need teeth
increases digestive surface area
(mechanical digestion)
- work in conjunction with saliva to begin the process of digestion in the mouth
esophagus anatomy
thoracic- posterior to trachea and aorta
- enters abdomen at T10
(esophageal hiatus)
- joins stomach at cardiac orifice
- superior portion (voluntary)
- inferior parts autonomic control
- has two sphincters
mechanism of swallowing
3 stages
- oral
- pharyngeal
- esophageal
oral phase
- food is broken down mechanically and chemically
- bolus is moved posteriorly until it reaches oropharynx
- voluntary
pharyngeal phase
- soft palate and epiglottis close – breathing stops
- pharyngeal constrictors move bolus inferiorly until it reaches the upper esophageal sphincter
- autonomic
esophageal phase
- bolus passes through upper esophageal sphincter
- peristalsis
- bolus passes through lower esophageal sphincter into stomach
