Pelvic Girdle/ Hip Joint Flashcards
Sacral flexion is ________ and extension is _______
nutation, counternutation
Mobile area where a lot of disc/back problems occur
L5, S1
sacral flexion
(nutation) superior fwd and inferior back
Sacral extension
(counternutation) superior back and inferior forward
Sacral torsion
Top corner going forward and opposite bottom corner going back
Obturator foramen created by
ischium and pubis
Greater sciatic notch created by these two bones
ilium and ischium
Greater sciatic foramen created by
sacrotuberus ligament
sacrospinous ligament
increased and decreased lumbosacrial joint angle produces:
increased angle=increased lordosis
decreased angle=decreased lordosis (or decreased lordodic curve)
anterior pelvic tilt creates this in spine
increased kyphodic curve, increased lordosis
posterior pelvic tilt
decreased lordosis
Lateral pelvic tilt is when:
pelvis is lower on one side - it is considered a pelvic tilt to that side
Force Couples for posterior pelvic tilt
Abs and glutes
Force couple for anterior pelvic tilt
Hip flexors and back extensor a
Also known as “Y” ligament and serves this function
iliofemoral ligament; limits extension
This hip femoral ligament limits extension and abduction
Pubofemoral ligament
The ischiofemoral ligament is a _______ ligament and limits ______ and _______
Posterior ligament
Limits extension and Internal rotation
These 3 ligaments are slack in flexion and taught in extension because they run in this pattern:
iliofemoral ligament
pubofemoral ligament
ischiofemoral ligament
spiral pattern
ligamentum teres is found where and contains what
head of femur and contains artery to head of femur
This ligament serves as a landmark and connects:
inguinal ligament ASIS to pubric tubercle
Tendinous portion of TFL
lateral thigh from anterior iliac crest to tibia
hip pops if tight due to ligament rubbing over inflamed bursa over greater trochanter tendon may “clunk” over it
O & I for iliopsoas
O - iliac fossa, anterior and lateral surfaces of T12-L5
I - Lesser trochanter
Action of iliopsoas
Hip flexion
Nerve and NR for iliopsoas
iliacus: femoral nerve
Psoas: L2 and L3
NR: L2 L3
Origin is ASIS and insertion is Pes anserine - nickname is Tailor’s muscle
Sartorius
Sartorius: A & Nerve & NR
A: FABER and knee extention
N: Femoral nerve
NR: Ls2, L3
O: Superior ramus of pubs
I: Pectineal line of femur
Pectineus
Origin of Pectineus and A, N and NR
O: Superior ramus of pubis
A: Hip flexion and adduction
N: Femoral nerve
NR: L2, L3, L4
O & I Adductor Longus and A
O: Pubis
I: Middle third of the linea aspera
A: Hip adduction
N and NR for Adductor Longus
Obturator nerve, L3, L4
O, I & A for Adductor Brevvis
O: Pubis
I: Pectineal line and proximal line of aspera
A: Hip adduction
N and NR for Adductor Brevis
N: Obturator nerve
NR: L3 and L4
O, I & A for Adductor Magnus
O: ischium and pubis
I: entire linea aspera and adductor tubercle
A: Hip adduction
N & NR for Adductor Magnus
N: Obturatorr nerve and sciatic nerve
NR: L3, L4
O, I, A, N & NR of Gracilis
O: Pubis I: Anterior medial surface of proximal end of tibia A: Hip Adduction N: Obturator nerve NR: L2, L3
O: Posterior sacrum and ilium
I: Posterior femur distal to greater trochanter and to IT band
Gluteus maximus
A, N and NR gluteus maximus
A: Hip extension, hyperextension, lateral rotation
N: inferior gluteal nerve
NR: L5, S1, S2
Deep Lateral Rotators
Piriformis Gemellus superior Obturator internus Gemellus inferior Quadratus femoris
O & I Deep lateral rotators
O: Posterior sacrum, ischium, and pubis
I: Greater trochanter area
O, I, A Gluteus Medius
O: Outer surface of the ilium
I: Lateral surface of greater trochanter
A: Hip ABduction
N and NR of Gluteus Medius
N: Superior gluteal nerve
NR: L4, L5, S1
O, I, A of Gluteus Minimus
O: Lateral ilium
I: Anterior surface of greater trochanter
A: Hip ABduction, assists medial rotation
N & NR Gluteus Minimus
N: Superior Gluteal Nerve
NR: L4, L5, S1
Prevents contralateral pelvic tilt
Reversal of muscle action;
Weakness in hip ABductors is
Trendelenberg gait
O, I, A TFL
O: ASIS
I: Lateral condyle of tibia
A: Combined hip flexion and ABduction
N and NR of TFL
N: Superior Gluteal Nerve
NR: L4, L5
Angle of inclination for femor:
N, >125, <125
N: 125 degrees
>125 Coxa Valga
<125 Coxa Vara
Angle of Torsion: Normal, Anteversion, Retroversion
Normal: 15-25 degrees
Anteversion: Inc angle creates IR of femur = toes in
Retroversion: Decr angle creates ER of femur = toes out
Nerve innervates most muscles of the anterior hip and thigh
Femoral nerve
Innervates hip adductors on medial side
Obturator nerve
Innervates hip abductors on lateral side
Superior gluteal nerve
Nerve goes to Hamstrings
Sciatic
These three muscles innervated by two nerves
Short head biceps femoris, iliopsoas, and ADductor Magnus
Femoral nerve innervates these 8 muscles
iliacus Psoas major Sartorius Pectineus Rectus femoris Vastus Medialis Vastus Lateralis Vastus Intermedius
These five muscles are innervated by the Obturator nerve:
Obturator Externus Adducter Brevis Adductor Longus Adductor Magnus Gracilis
These five muscles are innervated by the Sciatic nerve:
Semimembranosus
Semitendinosus
Biceps Femoris (Long & Short head)
Adductor Magnus
